GEOLOGICAL AND NATURAL HISTORY SURVEYS. 311 



6. And he it enacted. That wheu the survey of a couuty shall be completed 

 la manner aforesaid, it shall be the duty of the governor to require the same to 

 be published and bouud in a strong and substantial manner; and as the survey 

 of the State shall progress by counties, published and bound as aforesaid, it 

 shall bo the duty of the treasurer to distribute duplicate coi»ies of the s^ime to 

 each of the county clerks, to be by them preserved and kept for the free use 

 and benefit of the people of said counties. 



An additional appropriation of $20,000 was made for carrying on 

 the work during 1855, and one of $25,000 for 1850. It was early 

 discovered, however, that State funds were not available to the ex- 

 tent of this last appropriation and the work was curtailed as a 

 consequence. The total amount expended that year was $10,902.69. 



Administration. — Under the act of 1854 Dr. William Kitchell Avas 

 appointed superintendent and State geolog-ist, taking charge of the 

 work in the northern district of the State. Prof. George H. Cook, 

 assistant geologist, was put in charge of the work in the southern 

 district. Dr. Henry Wurtz was appointed chemist and mineralogist, 

 and Gen. Egbert L. Viele was authorized to conduct a topographical 

 surA'e}'. The salaries attached to these positions can not at this date 

 be ascertained. 



In the northern division work was begun by making detailed sur- 

 veys, measurements, and other examinations of the iron and zinc 

 mines and of the beds of calcareous marls. In the southern divi- 

 sion the geological structure of the greensand marl was studied and 

 its three greater divisions made out and described. Chemical work 

 was begun with an exhaustive examination of the calcareous marls 

 of the northern division. Topographic work was begun in Sussex 

 County, two parties working with plane tallies and one by triangula- 

 tion. 



The first report of the survey, issued for the year 1854, comprised 

 103 octavo pages. 



The work of this season was regarded as highly satisfactory and, 

 as noted, a further appropriation of $20,000 was made for carrying 

 on the survey along the lines laid down. 



In 1855 active work was prosecuted throughout the entire year, 

 and at its close a report upon the work done was submitted to the 

 governor. This report is an octavo of viii and 248 pages, with an out- 

 line map of the State on a scale i-^jvii^u, on which the triangula- 

 tion projected for the northern portion of the State was laid down; 

 a large map and profile of the Hibernia iron mine, and numerous 

 illustrations of scenerj', of geological formations, and of mines and 

 mining machinery. 



In the topographical department General Viele reported that the 

 tri angulation had been begun at 25 stations, and 4G0 observations 

 bad been made. Plane-table parties were put in each of the counties 



