GEOLOGICAL AKD NATUKAL HISTORY SURVEYS. 383 



roads, and where these did not exist he traveled along country roads, 

 usually in such directions as (in the middle and western regions of 

 the State) to cross the upturned edges of the strata. 



The mode of travel varied with circumstances. Along the line 

 of railroads the geologist frequently made use of a handcar. In 

 other cases he traveled by private conveyance along or near the lino 

 of railroad, making frequent excursions on foot for the purpose of 

 examining the exposures of rock in the cuts. In hilly and mountain- 

 ous regions, he traveled on horseback ; along river courses, especially 

 in the eastern section, he made use of boats when practicable, and 

 was thus enabled the better to examine the exposures along the banks 

 of the streams. 



Of the lithological collections made, one sot of specimens was 

 deposited in the State museum, and a duplicate set (in part) was 

 placed in the hands of the lithologist to the survey, Dr. A. A. Julien, 

 of Nevv' York City, for furtlier examination, with instructions that 

 the specimens be carefully examined microscopically and chemicall}', 

 if this latter also should pro^'e to be necessary in determining their 

 mineral composition and character. In addition, Doctor Julien 

 liimself, under the direction of the survey, examined in the field the 

 crystalline rocks of tlie middle and western portions of the State, in 

 order that he miglit the more intelligently prosecute his investiga- 

 tions in the laboratory. 



With his own extensive examinations in the field of the character 

 and stratigraphic relations of the crystalline rocks, and with the 

 aid of Doctor Julien's investigations in the microscopic and chem- 

 ical characters of these rocks. Professor Kerr hoped to solve, or at 

 least to throvv' light upon, the problem as to the age of the crystalline 

 rocks. 



In connection with the topof^raphic work. Professor Kerr brought 

 together the records of the original surveys and triangulations of the 

 United States Coast and Geodetic Survey, of Prof. Arnold Guyot, 

 of the State geologist (himself), and of the United States Engi- 

 neers; the surveys made by the State from 1820 to 1882 of swamp 

 lands, railroads, rivers, canals, and turnpikes; the surveys of rail- 

 road, plank road, and other corporations to date; and numerous 

 county and land surveys. The larger part of these were reduced to 

 a common scale, the results redrawn and incorporated in the " Map 

 of North Carolina." 



Museum. — The collections of the survey deposited in the State 

 museum consisted in 1887 of the following: 



A collection of minerals and ores of between G,000 and 7,000 speci- 

 mens, in general so arranged as to illustrate the mineral wealth of 

 the several counties of the State. 

 136075—20 26 



