ASTEKOIDEA OF NORTH PACIFIC AND ADJACENT WATERS— FISH EK. 325 



Remarks. — It is a matter upon which opinion may well difTer whether such a 

 form as h/pothrissus sliould be difniified with a name. The structure of the mouth 

 plates and paxillae is dilFerent from tliat of tj-pical horealis. The former are ajnong 

 the least variable parts of f liis variable genus, and may be relied upon i)erliui)s more 

 safely than the adambulacral armature. The armature of the mouth plates is 

 variable, to be sure, but the limits are less wide than in the case of tiie athimhulacral 

 or marginal plates, and they change much less with age. The general facies of the 

 two species is quite unlike. 



SOLASTER PAPPOSUS (Llnnaus). 

 PI. 9-1, fips. 1-6. 



Asteriaa papposa Linn.f.us, Syet. Nat., 12th ed., 17G7, p. 1098. — O. F. MOller, Zoologiae Danira! 



Prodroraus, 1776, p. 234. — Fabricics, Fauna Groenlandica, 1780, p. 309. 

 Asterias hctiandwmoides Pennant, British Zoology, vol. 4, 1777, p. 56. 

 Asterias affinis Brandt, Prodromus, 1835, p. 71. (Berinp Strait.) 

 SUUonia papposa Aoassiz, M#m. boc. eci. nat. Neuch&tel, vol. 1, 1835, p. 192. - 

 Solaster papposa Forbes, Mem. Wemerian Soc., vol. 8, pt. 1, 1839, p. 121; British Starfishee, 



1841, p. 112, fig. 

 SolasUr (Polyaster) papposa Gray, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Tlist., vol. 6, 1840, p. 183. 

 Crossaster papposus MI'lier and Troschel, Monatsber. preuss. Akad. Wiss!'. Berlin, .\pr., 1840, 



p. 103; Archiv Naturgesch., 6 Jahrg., vol. 1, 1840, p. 183. — Mcrdocii, Marine Invertebratoe, 



Report of the International Polar E.xpedition to Point Barrow, .Ma^ka, 1885, p. 159.— Lid- 



wiQ, Fauna Arctica, vol. 1, 1900, p. 460 (Review of literature and .'synonymy to 1900). 

 SolasUr papposus Mulleh and Troschel, System der Asteridcn, 1842, pp. 26, 127; pi. 3, fig. 1 a-h; 



pi. 12, figs. 3, 4. — DujARDiN and llcp^, Hist. nat. zoophytes, Kchinodermes, 1862, p. 353. — 

 • Perrier, Revision des Stell6rides., 1875, p. 94. — Doderlein, Wiss. Meercsuntersuchung, 



neue Folge, vol. 4, Abth. Helgoland, Heft 2, 1900, p. 205, pi. 6, figs. 1-4. — Ostehoren, Zool. 



Anz., vol. 27, 1904, p. 615.— Grieo, Bergens Museums Aarbog, 1906, No. 13, pp. 46-66, text 



figs. 7 (4) fig. 8; pi. 1, figs. 6-8. 



Diagnosis." — Rays eight to fourteen, usually ten or eleven, very rarely less 

 than nine or more than thirteen; in the North Pacific, comnionly ten or eleven. 

 R = 1.8 to 2.3 r. Rays stout, tapering; abactinal skeleton forming an open reticu- 

 late structure with widely spaced penicillate paxillse and numerous intervening 

 papulae. Paxill» with stout pedicels and upward to fifty sleniler spinelets gradu- 

 ated in length from periphery to center, the latter spinelets being t^iiically as long 

 as or longer than pedicel (in some varieties shorter). Marginal pa-xiliff in a single 

 series, well spaced, prominent, similar to but usually larger than the abactinal. 

 Adambulacral plates with usually three or four, three to live, four or five, or rarely 

 four to seven furrow spinelets in a comb, and a transverse actinal comb of about 

 five to nine slight!}' longer and stouter spinelets. Interradial ]>axiila' none to about 

 twenty-five, varying in dilFerent interradii; mouth sjiinelets, about eight to ten 

 marginal and two to four suborals. 



Notes on North Pacific spccinuus. — The variability of Solastcr /lapposus has 

 been described and figured by several authors, especially Doderlein* and Grieg,* 



a"Simill.'< A. rubenti, ecd radiis 13; undiquc muricata aculeis apice pcctinatis p. faM-iculatit." 

 I.inna^up. 



J> Wiw. MecresunlerHUchung, ncue Folpp, vol. 4, Abth. Helgoland, Heft 2, 1900, p. 205. pi. 4. figs. 1-4. 



c Bergens Museums Aarbog, 1906, No. 13, pp. 46-66. For a discussion of variations in SoUuter 

 papposus and .*>. squamatus, as well as for a review of the literature, this article is quite complete. 



