16 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 2 73 



M. antitragicus: It corresponds to the lower fibers of the former 

 (Huber, 1933), which can be seen on the outer surface of the auricle 

 connecting the antitragus and the cauda heUcis across the fissura 

 antitragohelicina (fig. 6). 



M. helicis: It is a slender small band under cover of the trago- 

 heUcinus. Origin is on the spina helicis and insertion on the crus 

 heUcis. Contrary to Schreiber (1928) I did not find it to be strong. 



Nerve supply: The innervation of the previous three intrinsic 

 ear muscles is also provided by the ramus auricularis posterior n. 

 facialis. They, and other auricular muscles as well, are of variable 

 development. 



In agreement with Hill (1962), Huber (1931), and Schreiber (1928) 

 I found no trace of the sphincter colli profundus, but the following 

 muscles which are all derivatives of this matrix layer (see Huber, 

 1930, 1931, 1933) were observed to be well developed, if not highly 

 differentiated. They are all suppUed by the preauricular rami of cranial 

 nerve VII. 



M. auricularis anterior et superior: It arises from the anterosuperior 

 part of the convex surface of the auricle. The fibers radiate upward 

 between the skin and the galea aponeurotica, to end more or less 

 associated with the last structure (fig. 6). The muscle is innervated 

 by both the ramus auricularis posterior and the rami auriculares of 

 the auriculo-temporofrontal branch of the facial. 



M. frontalis: It forms a thin fleshy lamina between the anterior 

 border of the galea aponeurotica and the superciliary arch from where 

 it arises under cover of both the corrugator supercilii and the pars 

 orbitaHs of the zygomatico-orbital plate (fig. 6). Laterally its fibers 

 form a single continuous layer with those of the next muscle to be 

 described, medially the frontalis of each side touch each other. 



M. orbito-auricular: This plate is made of fascicles of similar 

 appearance and direction to those of m. frontaUs. They extend from 

 the anterior border of the galea, in front of the auricle, to the processus 

 zygomaticus of the frontal bone (fig. 6) . Its bony anchorage is covered 

 by both pars orbitaUs and zygomatica of the zygomatico-orbital plate. 

 The galeo-orbito-auricular junction lies under the anterior fibers of 

 m. auricularis anterior et superior. 



M. tragohelicinus: It is a flattened muscular column between the 

 tragus and the beginning of the helix (fig. 6) . 



M. depressor helicis: It is different in each of the males. In one it 

 is formed by two separate bundles which, arising from the spine of the 

 hehx and tragus, converge in front of the auricle where they are joined 

 by fibers descending from the anterior border of the m. auricularis 

 anterior et superior (fig. 6). Ending is on the subcutaneous fascia of 

 the face over the temporomandibular joint and parotid gland. In the 



