ANATID.E— THE SWANS, GEESE, AND DUCKS. 165 



pale slaty. Adult female: Crown and nape dull dark brown, becoming gradually lighter 

 below; rest of the head paler and grayer, the anterior half of the lores, the chin, throat, and 

 oreneck nearly or quite white; chest, sides, and flanks, deep fulvous or raw-umber brown; 

 breast and abdomen white ; anal rogion dull brown, longer feathers of the crissum whitish; 

 wings as in the male; remaining upper parts dull dark brown, the feathers of the back nar- 

 nowly tipped with fulvous. Bands on the bill narrower and less distinct than in the male; 

 iris yellow; feet, slaty. 



'Total length, about 10 to 18 inches; extent, 24-27; culmen, 1.75-2.00; tarsus, 1.30-145; 

 middle toe, 2.00-2,15. 



Downy young: Above, grayish umber-brown, relieved by seven spots of light buff, as 

 follows: A small and inconspicuous spot in the middle of the back, between, and a little 

 anterior to, the wings; a large patch on each side the back; another on each side 

 the rump, at the base of the tail; and a bar across the posterior border of each wing. 

 Crown, occiput, and nape crossed longitudinally by a wide stripe of deep grayish umber; a 

 roundish isolated spot of light grayish brown directlv over the ears; remainder of the head, 

 Including the forehead, and lower parts generally, light dingy buff, the flanks crossed by a 

 1 1 ro \vn transverse stripe from the rump to the tibia. Side of the head without any longi- 

 tudinal stripes. 



The chief variation in the plumage of this species consists in 

 the distinctness of the chestnut collar in the male. In some ex- 

 amples this is scarcely more conspicuous than in A. ajjmis, being 

 dull brown instead of reddish; but usually the color is a well- 

 defined chestnut, particularly in front. 



The female of this species resembles very closely in coloration 

 that of the Red-head (J. americcwia) , but may be readily dis- 

 1 inguished by the very different proportions, the average 

 measurements of the two being about as follows : 



A. americana. Wing 8.50, culmen 1.90, greatest width of bill .85, least width .7.".. tarsus 1.60, 

 middle toe 2.30. 



A. collaris. Wing 7.50, culmen 1.80, greatest width of bill .85, least width .65, tarsus 1.35, 

 middle toe 2.00. 



There is very little in the habits of (his species <<> distinguish 

 it from the other "black-heads." Like bhem, it usually asso- 

 ciates in small flocks, and its flesh is excellent , beingfat, tender, 

 and juicy. M often passes the winter in the southern portions 



of Illinois. 



Genus GLAUCIONETTA Stejneger. 



' l 1 1 m. Phllos. Jour. 11, 1822, 260. Type, ^noa 1 - ■ Leach, 1819 



Ent Eur. Thierw. 1829, 53. Bametype. tffei Okbn1816 

 Glaucionetta Btbjn. Proo. l : . B. Nat Mus. viii. Bept 14, 1885, 109. Same type. 



Chab. Bill much shorter than the head, deep through 1 1 1 # - base, the lateral ou( 

 onverrfng toward the dp, which Is rather pointed than rounded; lamella completers 

 hidden bj the overham f the maxilla; Dostrils situated aboul midway between 



