ANATIDjE— the swans, geese, and ducks. 173 



similar to the male, but the head, neck, and chest grayish brown, with a distinct white spot 

 on the auricular region, and the lores and sides of the forehead inclining to white. Chest, 

 sides, flanks, and crissum entirely uniform grayish brown- "Bill and feet dull bluish gray ; 

 iris brown" (Audubon). Young. Similar to the adult female, but above browner and more 

 uniform, the chest, sides, flanks, and crissum tinged with umber. 



Total length, about 17.50 Inches; extent, 27.00; wing, 7.40 to nearly 8.00; culmen, 1.05-1.10; 

 tarsus, 1.50; middle toe, 2.00. Female slightly smaller. 



The Harlequin Duck is a winter visitant or resident in Illi- 

 nois, but is probably not at any time a common species. In 

 its summer home, which is in more northern or mountainous 

 regions, it frequents swiftly running- streams, where it delights 

 to sport among the eddies below water falls or in the brawling 

 rapids. Its nest is often placed in a hollow of a tree, but fre- 

 quently in other situations. 



Genus CLANGTJLA Leach. 



Clang ula Leach, in Ross's Voy. Disc. 1819, App. p. xlviii. Type, Anas glacialis Linn. 

 Harelda Leach, Steph. Gen. Zool. xii, 1824, 174. Type, Anas glacialis Linn. 

 Pagonetta Kaup, Ent. Europ. Thierw. 1829, 66. Same type. 

 Crymonessa Macg. Man. Brit. Orn. ii, 1842, 185. Same type. 

 Melonetta Sund. Tent. 1872, 149. Same type. 



Gen. Chae. Bill small (much shorter than the tarsus), all its outlines tapering rapidly 

 to the end, which is occupied entirely by the very large broad nail ; lower edge of the max- 

 illa nearly straight for the basal half, then suddenly rising to the prominently decurved 

 nail; lamella} slightly exposed along tho straight basal portion of the maxillary tomium; 

 feathering at the base of tho bill forming a nearly straight oblique lino, advancing farthest 

 forward on the forehead, and scarcely interrupted by any re-entrant angle, so prominent 

 in most ducks. Adult male with the longer scapulars elongated and lanceolate, the reotrices 

 (14 in number) acute, the middle pair slender and greatly lengthened. 



The most important peculiarity of structure in this well- 

 marked genus consists in the almost unique outline of the 

 Feathering at the base of the bill, this outline advancing grad- 

 ually Farther forward from the rictus bo the base of theculmen, 

 the continuity of the slightly curved line interrupted by only a 

 very Faint, sometimes scarcely perceptible, indentation at the 

 place of the deep angle seen in most ducks. The only other 

 genus showing an approach to this character is Camptolmnws, 

 which, however, has the bill and other Features very different. 



I'm a single species is known, which, like Histrimiicus, is cir- 

 eumpolar in its distribution, bu1 descends to lower latitudes in 

 winter. 



