URINATOR1TLE— THE LOONS. 257 



the outer toe, black" (L. M. Turner, MS.). Winter plumage: Similar to the above, but 

 the whole lower half of the head, with entire fore-neck, white, the nape and upper half of the 

 head uniformly marked with broad streaks of dusky and narrower ones of white, and the 

 upper parts more uniformly and distinctly speckled with white. Bill brownish or grayish. 

 Downy young: "The young are at first covered with a dense elastic down of a grayish 

 black color, tinged with brown. The bill is bluish black, its basal edges yellow; the iris 

 reddish brown" (Audubon). 



Total length, 18. 0(M?7. 00 inches; extent, 38.50-44.00; wing, 10.00-11.50; culmen, 2.25; tar- 

 sus, 2.75. 



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