64 BIRDS OF nxiNois. 



Sitta carolinensis Lath. 



WHITE-BELLIED l.OTHATCH. 



Popular Bynonyms.— Tomtit; Blue SupHucker. 

 Stlla inr..//ii^;..ii» Lath. Ind. Orn. I. 1790, 26-.'.-\Vil8. Am. Orn. I. Vm. 10, pi. 2. Ilg. 

 3.— NuTT. Miin. I.1S«, .Vtl.— Aui). Orn. BIok. 11. ^K». -W: v. IKW. 4-1, pi. ISi; Synop. 

 ISB, 107: B. Am. iv, 1812, 17a, pi. 247.— Baibd, B. N. Am. 18M. aU: Cat. N. Am. B. 

 1859. No. 277: lloviow, 18*4, 8C.-CoUE«. Key, I8?J, 83; Cheek Ll8l. 11(73, No. ;«: 2il 

 ed. 1882, No. 57; B.N. W. 1874. 24.-B. B. 4 B. Hist. N. Am. B. I. 1874, 114, pi. «. 

 IlKs. 1,2.-Rn)«\v, Nom. N. Am. B. 1881, No. 51. 



Hab. Eiistern United States nnd Britl.'*!! Provinces. (Replaced in western United 

 States by the more slender billed, duller colored form, S. carolineniu aculeata.) 



Thi,s well-known bird is abundant throughout the State, and is a 

 permanent resident everywhere except perhaps in the extreme 

 northern counties. In the South it breeds very early, the writer 

 having observed, on April 19, 1883, a female feeding well-feathered 

 young in a knot-hole of a small white-oak tree (about 30 feet from 

 the ground). A week later the tree was cut down, but the young 

 had Uown. This was at \\'heAtland, Indiana, but there is no doubt 

 that the species breeds equally early in corresponding latitudes in 

 Illinois. 



Sitta canadensis Linn. 



EED-BELLIED NUTHATCH. 



Popular synonym.— Canada Xiitha'cli. 



Sida eanaileimix LiNN. S. N. ed. 12, i. I7fi6, 177.— NuTT. Man. 1, 1832, T>S3: 2d ed. I. 

 1840, C97.— AUD. Orn. BioR. il, I8:tl, 24. pi. 105; synop. IW.i, Itu; B. Am.lv. 1812, 179, 

 pi. 248.-BAII1D, B. N. Am. 18.')8. 37i;; Cat. N. Am. B, 185'.i. No. 279: Uuvlew. ISiil, 87. 

 CoUEs, Key. 1872, 83; Check List. 1873. No. 39: 2d ed. 1SS2, No. 59: B. N. W. 1874, 

 25; B. Col. Val. 1S7S. i:!(!.-B. B. & K. Hist. N. A. B. 1, 1874, 118, pi. 8. Ilg. 7.-I!ii)(iW, 

 Nom. N. Am. B. 1881, No. 52. 



Sitta earia, Bartii. Trav. 1791,289 bis.— Wn,a. Am. Orn. i, 1S08, 40. pi. 2. llj:, 4. 



Hab Northern North America, to the limit of timber; breedinit chlnlly north of the 

 United States (except In elevated mountain regions); Eastern United States cblcOy in 

 winter. 



While this species breeds sparingly in the extreme northern coun- 

 ties of the State, it is only a winter visitor to the southern portion. 

 Indeed, its appearance there is both infrequent and irregular; at 

 least this is the writer's experience in Wabash and Eiclihind coun- 

 ties. During winter it is semi-gregarious, roving in scattered troops 



