MNIOTILTID/'E — THE AMEEICAN WARBLERS. 167 



the female must slyly leave the nest at the approach of the intnider 

 and run beneath the herbage until a considerable distance from the 

 nest, when joined by her mate, the pair by their evident anxiety 

 mislead the collector as to its location. However this may be, 

 the writer has never found a nest of this species except by acci- 

 dent, although he has repeatedly searched every square foot of 

 ground -^yithin a radius of many yards of the spot where a pair 

 showed most uneasiness at his presence. 



Subgenus Geothlypis Cabanis. 



(reof/iiy/Ji'sCAEANis, Wiegmaun's Archiv. 1847, i, 316,349.— Id. Schomburgk's Beise, 

 Guiana, 1848. 



"Gen. Char. Bill sylviooline. rather depressed, and distinctly notched; rietal bristles 

 very short or wanting. Wings short, rounded, scarcely longer than the tail ; the first quill 

 shorter than the fourth. Tail long; much rounded or graduated. Legs stout; tarsi elon- 

 gated, as long as the head. Olive-green above, belly yellow. Tail-feathers immaculate. 

 Legs yellow." (ffist. N. Am. B.) 



Common Chakacteks. Above plain olive-greenish, beneath plain yellowish (except 

 on throat and jugulum, in G. Philadelphia and its western representative, G.macgilli- 

 vrayi). 



1. G. triohas. Adult male: Forehead. lores, and auriculars black, bordered behind by 

 light ash-gray or grayish white, (sometimes tinged with yellowish); lower parts 

 bright yellow, the abdomen usually dull whitish. Adult female: Forehead and 

 auriculars olire-brown. like rest of upper parts, the former usually tinged with 

 reddish brown ; no gray or whitish on head, and lower parts less distinctly yel- 

 low. Young, first plumage: Above uniform olive-brown, beneath deep buff, or 

 light ochraceous. 



2. G. Philadelphia. Adult male: Head and neck plumbeous, with more or less of a 

 black patch on the jugulum ; eyelids blackish. Adult female: Head smoky gray, 

 tinged with olive; the throat pale yellowish gray; eyelids, and an indistinct post- 

 ocular bar dull whitish or pale dingy yellowish.* 



Geothlypis trichas (Linn.) 



A. trichas.-MAEYLAND YELLOW-THEOAT. 



Popular synonyms. Black-masked Ground Warbler; Blaek-cheeked Yellow-throat; 

 Black-spectacled Warbler; Brier Wren; Yellow Brier Wren. 



Turdus trichas'Ln^N. S. N. ed. 12,1,1766,293. 

 Sylvia trichas Lath.— Nutt. Man. i, 1832,401.— A UD. Orn. Biog. i, 1832,120; v, 1839, 463, 



pi. 23. 

 Geothlypis trichas Caban. M. H. i, 1850, 16.— Baied, B. N. Am. 1858, 241; Cat. N. Am. B. 

 1859. No. 170; Review, 1865, 220.— CouEs, Key, 1872, 107; Check List, 1873,No. 97; 2d 

 ed. 1882,No. 141; B. N. w. 1874.74; B. Col. Val. 1878, 309.— B. B. & E. Hist. N. Am. B. i, 

 1874,297,pl. 15, figs. 7,8.— EiDGW. Nom. N. Am. B. 1881,No. 122. 



*The western representative of this species, G. macgillii-rayi, is-very similar, hut 

 differs in proportions, the tail being decidedly longer. The male is without a solid black 

 patch on the jugulum, and the eyelids are distinctly white, in very marked contrast with 

 the velvety-blaek lores. 



