242 BIRDS OF ILLINOIS. 



o(ir-i"OVcrlh lipped witli ii iliifky bar; a ilusky paloli on eaoli ^i<lt■ i.f lliruat and lii- 

 dk'utlon of niio on tlu' Jueulum: nape faintly riifoUK. 8trfHkcd \rllli Mai'k. In tri'ii- 

 ter: Stmllur. lull muru ttulTiixi'd with bniwnlHli. Yonno: Head. n>'i-k, jusuluni, 

 and uppvr parts yi'llowlnh fnlvouK, htrrakoil with hhiok; crownund wines BlroiiKly 

 linui'd with riifuuH. 



'i. C. piotaa. Lowor purls deep buff. .1</i((( nin/c in »iinini«r.- Head bluok. with loroB, 

 uentre of ear-covprt», a maxillary and a supra-aurioular stripe, white ; throat, nape, 

 and entire lower parts deep biiiT: lesser winn-eoverls blaek, with the last row 

 white. In irinlfr: The wine and lower parts similar, but the head without well- 

 defined blaek, and the white replaced by buff. AiinU ffuiale: Similar to male in 

 winter plumaee, but jueulum streaked with dusky, and lesser wine-eoverts 

 eraylsh. 

 B. Base of outer tail-feathers white. 



;t. C, ornatna. Two outer tail-feathers white to the e.xtremc base, ond third with base 

 white. Adult innle: Nape ehestnut-rufous; belly blaek. In siiiiinipr; Top of 

 head, jueulum, and belly deep blaek, the latter sometimes tineed with rufous; 

 nape uniform di'ep ehostnut-rufous; all markines sharply contrasted. In irinli-r: 

 Top of head streaked with blaek and fulvous, the rufous of nape anil blaek of lower 

 parts overlaid and nearly concealed by light erayish fulvous tips of feathers. 

 Adult female: Entirely lieht dull buIT, the upper parts broadly, and sometimes 

 the breast narrowly, streaked with dusky. Young: Above blackish, the feathers 

 bordered with dull whitish; wings dull brownish fulvous; throat white, faintly 

 spotted with dusky; rest of lower part pale dull bulT, the breast streaked with 

 dusky. 



Calcarius lapponicus (Linn.) 



LAPLAND LONOSFUB. 

 Popular aynonym. Brown Snowbird. 

 Fringilla lapponica Linn. S. N. ed. 12. i. 1766, ."n?. 

 Kmberiza lapponica Nn-ss.— NuTT. Man. i.lSK, 463.— .Vrn. Orn. Bioe. iv.KiS, 173, pi. ma, 

 Emherua {Plerlrophanen) lapponica Sw. & Run. F. B. A. ii,lSfI,il,s,pl.4H. 

 PlectropUanes lapponicus Selby.— AuD. Syuop. 1S)9. 9S; B.Am, ill, 1.%11, .'>0, pi. 152.— 

 Baibd, B. N. Am. 1858,433; Cat. N. Am. B. WW. No. 326.— CouES, Key, 1872, 133: Check 

 List. 1873. No. 153; 2d ed. 1882, No. 220; B. N. W. 1871. 12(i.-B. B, \- R. Hist. N. Am. B. 

 i,1874,515,pl. 24,fle. 7. 

 Cenlrophane.1 lapponicus Kaup,1829.— RiDow. Nom. N. .\m. B. 18S1. No. 187. 

 Calcarius lapponicus Stejn. Proe. U. 8. Nat. Mus, 1882,33. 



Hab, Northern North America, breeding iu arctic and subarctic distriots, in winter 

 migratine very irreeularly, south to or beyond 4U° (South Carolina, Kentucky, southern 

 Illinois, northern Texas, New Mexico, Colorado, etc.); very rare in Middle I'rovinco, and 

 not recorded from Tacllle Province. 



"8p. Chab. Male. Head all round, and neck, black, extending on the Jueulum in a 

 creBcentle patch; a broad line from above and behinil the eye, sides of neck, a patch in 

 the blaek of hind head, and whole under parts, white; the sides of body streaker! broadly 

 withbhick, .\ broaii half-collar of chestnut on back of neck, .separated from the hood 

 narrowly, and from the auriculars and throat broadly, by the white stripe from the eyi-. 

 .\bove brownish black, the feathers sharply edeed with brownish yellow. Outer tail- 

 feathers white, except the hn.sal portion of inner web, and a shaft streak at end: next 

 fi'alher with a whlti> streak in end, rest black. Legs blaek; bill yellow, tipped with blaek. 

 In winter plumace the black and other markings overlaid by rusty and fulvous; bi-neath 

 whitish. Female with (he black featliers of head edgi'd with yellowish rusty: the 

 throat white, bordered on the sidi'S and behind by blackish; feathers edged with grayish 

 white.the rufous of nape obseure,and streaked with blackish. Length of male,r>.25; 

 wing, 3.90; tail, 2.80. 



