374 BIRDS OF ILLINOIS. 



B. riRtorlor fiiit<>r toe considorably Hhortor tliiui tlio iintorlor outer one. (Fourth too 



xtiortiT tlmii tliinlJ 



li. Ceophl(Bus. Hill ilcpn'KAi'il. LiitornI rMtif iil)nvo tliu mlilcllo of the lateral pro- 

 lllo iii'iir till' liRHO. Nostrils i-llipti<'iil. wiJo, luul roundoU nnti-riorly. Tiill almost 

 us In Siilii/rapii'iis. A polnti-il or'clpittil crest, ns in Vainuephilitt. 



Section Mi'lanrrpcw. 

 (i. Helanerpes. 



liii 'k iiiiil wiriKS lianiloil tniiisvorsuly with Mark nnil while. Crown more or 

 lessrctl; rest i>r h(:uil with iiii<1<-r parts Kriiyish. anil with rod or yellow tinen on 

 the middle of till- alMliiiiH'ii. lliimp while. (Siil>i;entis Vfiilunit.) 



Upper parts uniform hlaek, without bands, with or without n white rump: 

 varialjle beneath, but without transverse bands. (Subgenus Mrlanerprt.) 



Section Colaptcte. 



7. Colaptes. .\bovebrown.barred with blaek: awhile spot on rump: lower parts, 

 posterior tc. I.laek orescent on chest, vinaceous white or pale vlnaeeous, hand- 

 somely spotted with black ; shafts of aullls and lail-fealhers brieht yellow or red. 



Genus CAMPEPHILUS Gray. 



Campfpliilim Gbay. List of Genera. IM", :A. Type, I'iviif iirimiimlin Lisx. 



"Gen. Char. Bill considerably ioncer than the head, much depressed, or broader 

 than liiKh at (he base, becoming somewhat compressed near the middle and cnidually 

 beveled olT at the lip. Culmen very slightly curved. Konys as concave, the eurvi' scarce- 

 ly aiipreeiable; commissure slrniKlit. Culmen with a parallel riilee on each siile, slart- 

 inK a little above the centre of the basal outline of the bill, the ridce projectInK outwards 

 and downwards, and a slii;ht concavity betwi'cn it and the lU'Ule ridce of the culmen. 

 Oonys considerably more than half the commissure. Nostrils oval, below the latenil 

 ridce near the base of the bill: concealed by the bristly feathers directed forward. Simi- 

 lar feathers are .seen at the sides of the lower jaw and on the chin. 



"Feet larne: outer hind toe much longest: claw of inner fore toe reaching' to middle of 

 outer fore claw: inner hind loi' scarcely mori> than half the outer one; its clawreachluKas 

 far as the base of the inneranb'riorclaw, considerably more than bftlf the outer anterior 

 toe. Tarsus rather shorter than the inner fore toe. Tail long, euneate; shafts of the four 

 middle feathers abruptly much larger than the others, and with a deep groove runnini; 

 continuously alonu their under surface; webs of the two middle feathers deflected, 

 almost aeainst each other, so that the feathers appear narrower at the base than termi- 

 nally. Wings lonK and pointed, the third, fourth, and fifth (juills longest: sixth second- 

 ary longest, leaving six 'lertials,' instead of three orlour ns usual; primaries long, nt- 

 tenualed. Color continuous black, relieved by white patches. Head with a pointed occi- 

 pital crest." Iffisf. X. Am. D.) » 



This genus embraces the largest of known Woodpeckers. The 

 largest species is C. imperialis Govld, of western Mexico, which con- 

 siderably exceeds our Ivory-billed Woodpecker (C j)rincipaUs) in 

 size, having the bill three and a half inches long (measured from 

 the forehead) and tlie wing more than thirteen inches. 



Campephilus principalis (Liim.) 



IVORY BILLED WOODPECKER. 



Popular synonyms. White-billed Woodpecker; While-billed Logcock. 

 ricus priiiciiialis LiNS S. N. ed. 12, 1766, 173.— Was. .\m. Oru. iv. 1811, 2a, pi. an, llg. (1. 

 — AUD. Orn. Biog. 1, 1832. 341; v. 1839, 625, pi. CC; B. Am. iv, 1842. 214, pi. 256. 



