432 BIRDS OF ILLINOIS. 



Faleo nigrlcfpii Cass. Proc. Phil. Acnd. vl. 1853: 4S0; niust. B. Cat. etc. 18M. 87; In 



Biilrds B. N. Am. 1858 8; cd. 1860. pi. II.-Baibd. Cm. N. Am. B. ISW. No. 6. 

 /i'ofco (■oniTiiUHiK "Gmel." CouES. Ki'y. 1K72. 213; Clii'ok List. l»74.No. Ml. 



Haj>. Whole of America. 



Sp. Chab. Adiill male (No.«.151. U. S. Nat. Mu8.. Fort Kesolutlon. Bril. X. Am.. June : 

 .1. Lofklwirt). Cpper parts dark bluish plumbeous, approachlne bliiek anteriorly, but on 

 rump and upper Inll-coverts beeomlne bluish plumbeous ash. On the head and n>'i<k 

 the conllnuous plumbeous blaek covers all the former except the chin and thmal, and 

 the back portion of tlie latter: an Invasion or Indentation of the white of lower parts up 

 liehiiid the ear-coverts separates the black of tln> cheeks from that of the neck. throwing 

 the former into a prominent aneular patch : forehead and lores (jraylsh. All the feathers 

 above (posterior to the napel with transverse bars of plumbeous black, these most 

 sharply dellned posteriorly, where the plumbeous Is Uuhtest. Tail black, more plum- 

 beous basally. very faintly paler at the tip, and sliowini; ten or eleven transverse narrow 

 bands of plumbeous, these most distinct anteriorly: the l)ars are clearest on Inner webs. 

 Alula, primary and secondary coverts, secondaries and primaries, uniform plumbeous 

 Idack. narrowly whitish on terminal marcin. most observable on secondaries and inner 

 primaries. Lower parts while, tinifed with delicate cream-color, this deepest on the 

 alidomen: sides and tibia' tinged with bluish. Chin, throat and jugulum immaculate; 

 the breast, however, with faint longltuilinal shaft-streaks of black; sides. Ilanks and 

 tlblie distinctly barred transversely with black, about four burs beinc on en-h feather; 

 on the lower tall-coverts they are narrower and more distant; on the abdomen the mark- 

 ings are in the form of circular spots; anal region barred transversely. Lining of the 

 wing lineluding all the under coverts) white tinged with blue, and barred like the sides: 

 under surface of primaries slaty, with elliptical spots or bars of creamy white on Inner 

 webs, twelve on the longest. Wing formula. 2-1-3. Wing. 12.25; tail. 6.00; tarsus. l.UO; 

 middle toe. 1.85; outer. 1.40; inner. 1.20; posterior. .80; culmen. .80. 



Adult female (No. 13.077. Liberty Co.. Georgia: Professor J. L. Lccontei: Like the 

 male, but ochracoous tinge beneath deeper; no ashy wash; bands on the tail more 

 sharply dcllni'd. about ten dark ones being indicated: outer surface of primaries and 

 secondaries witli bands apparent: tail distinctly tipped with ochraceous white. Inner 

 web of longest primary with thirteen more reiidish transverse spots. White of neck 

 e.\tending oblkiuely upward and forward toward the eye. giving the black cheek patch 

 more prominence. Markings beneath as in the male. Wing formula the same. Wing. 

 14.50; tail. 7.00; tarsus. 1.95; middle toe. 2.10; culmen. .95. 



Youngmale (Xo. o;i.l93. Truckee River, Nevada, July 21, 18B7; R. Ridgway): Above 

 plumbeous black, tail more slaty. Every feather broadly bordered terminally with dull 

 cinnamon: these crescentic bars becoming gradually broader posteriorly, narrower and 

 more obsolete on the head above. Tail distinctly tipped with pale cinnamon, the inner 

 webs of feathers with indistinct transverse spots on the same, these touching neither 

 the edge nor the shaft: scarcely apporent indications of corresponding spots on outer 

 webs. Region round the eye, and broad "moustache" across the cheeks, pure blaok, the 

 latter more conspicuous than in the older stages, being cut off posteriorly by the exten- 

 sion of the'eream-color of the neck nearly to the eye. A broad stripe of pale ochraceous 

 running from above the ear-coverts back to the occiput, where the two stripes of oppo- 

 site sides nearly meet. Lower i)arts purplish cream-color, or rosy ochraceous white, 

 deepest posteriorly; jugulum. breast, sides, flanks, and tibiie with longitudinal stripes 

 of plumbeous black. tlies(< broadest on flanks and abdomen, and somewhat sagittate on 

 the tibias lower tall-coverts with distant transverse bars. Lining of the wing like the 

 sides, Init the markings more transverse; inner web of longest primary with nine trans- 

 verse purplish ochre spots. Wing formula. 2-1-3. Wing. 12.50: tail. 7.00. Length. 16..M): 

 expanse, 39.25. Weight. l''j lbs. Basal half of thi> bill pale bluish white, cere rather 

 darker: terminal half (rather abruptly* slate-color, the tip deepening into black: iris 

 very dark vivid vandyke-brown: naked orbital space pale bluish white, with a slight 

 greenish tint; tarsi and toes lemon-yellow, with o slight greenish cast; claws jet-black. 



