A MONOGRAPH OF THE EXISTING CRINOIDS 83 



History. — This species was first described as Antedon armata by Count Pourtal^s 

 in 1869 from a single specimen that had been dredged by the United States Coast Sur- 

 vey steamer Bihh west of the Tortugas in 35 fathoms. Dr. P. H. Carpenter in 1879 

 placed Antedon armata in the genus AnteAon as understood by him — that is, he deter- 

 mined that it was not a species of the genus Adinometra. In October 1882, Prof. F. 

 Jeffrey Bell published a specific formula for Antedon armata which was emended by 

 Dr. P. H. Carpenter in April of the following year. In his report upon the comatuhds 

 of the Challenger expedition published in 1888 Carpenter hsted Antedon armata as a 

 10-armed species collected by the Blake. In his list of the known species of comatulids 

 he included armata in the Tenella group, giving as the habitat the Florida Straits in 35 

 fathoms, and saying that it was a "species discovered by the Blake and other U. S. 

 ships." He did not, however, mention in it connection with the Tenella group in the 

 main body of his report. 



Dr. Clemens Hartlaub in 1912 described in detail and figured three badly broken 

 specimens, one of which was very small, that had come to him with the Blake collec- 

 tion after the death of Dr. P. H. Carpenter. There was no label with these specimens. 

 Hartlaub pointed out that Pourtales had described the species from a single specimen 

 and that Carpenter had Usted Antedon armata as a species "discovered by the Blake 

 and other U. S. ships," and had also Hsted it as a species in the Blake collection. Hart- 

 laub said that it was not certain, though it was highly probable, that one of the three 

 specimens was Pourtales's original type; in this case the two others would have been 

 from the Blake dredgings. He noted that, curiously enough. Carpenter did not men- 

 tion this species in his preliminary report upon the comatulids collected by the Blake 

 (1881). Hartlaub compared Antedon armata in detail with Antedon (Isometra) lineata 

 to which he beUeved it to be most closely allied. He said that the two species differ so 

 markedly from the typical representatives of the Tenella group that their separation 

 from this group is absolutely necessary. He believed that they formed a group by 

 themselves. He remarked that among the genera that had been proposed by the 

 author there appeared to be none capable of including them. Although there is no 

 indication of the fact from anything that Hartlaub says, his figures show that one of 

 the two large specimens was an example of A. caribbea. It is probable that Carpenter 

 also considered this specimen as an example of armata. As the lower pinnules of 

 caribbea are not especially enlarged, this would explain in part his reference of armata 

 to the Tenella group, in which he was followed by Hartlaub. 



In 1918 Dr. Hubert Lyman Clark recorded two specimens of Analcidometra 

 armata from off Little Cat Island, Bahamas, in 3-13 fathoms where they had been 

 collected by the Bahaman Expedition from the Univei-sity of Iowa in 1S93. He 

 remarked that I had told bun that armata is property a member of the genus Analcido- 

 metra, but he could not find that the combination Analcidometra armata had been 

 published hitherto. 



In 1921 in my report upon the crinoids of the University of Iowa's Barbados- 

 Antigua Expedition of 1918 I recorded a ver}' small specimen of Analcidometra armata 

 from^tation 11, Barbados. In a list of the crinoids of the Atlantic published in 1923 

 I included Analcidometra armata and gave its habitat and range; the locality Colon 

 refers to the type specimen of A. caribbea, which at that time I considered a synonym 

 of armata. 



