A MONOGRAPH OF THE EXISTING CRINOIDS 395 



in the East Indies) ; Mem. Australian Mus., vol. 4, 1911, p. 728 (referred totheTlialassometridae), 

 pp.731 and 732 (in keys),p. 735 (key to the Australian .species), p. 781 (original reference; charac- 

 ters; range) ; Crinoids of the Indian Ocean, 1912, p. 9 (does not occur in the area of maximum in- 

 tensity of the East Indian fauna; confined to southern Australia), p. 10 (absent from Japan; 

 reason), p. 24 (range), p. 42 (placed in the Thalassometridae), p. 189 (synonymy; type); Journ, 

 Washington .\cad. Sci., vol. 5, No. 1, 1915, p. 8 (confined to the Australian fauna); Die Crinolden 

 der Antarktis, 1915, p. 167 (range; closely related to Asteromctra and Pterometra).—F. W. Clarke 

 and W. C. Wheeler, U. S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Paper 90-L, 1915, p. 195 (inorganic constituents of 

 the skeleton) ; Prof. Paper 102, 1917, pp. 23 and following (same).— A. H. Clark, Unstalked 

 crinoids of the Sihoga Exped., 1918, p. 140 (in key; range).— F. W. Clarke and W. C. Wheeler, 

 U. S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Paper 124, 1922, p. 20 (inorganic constituents of the skeleton [of P. 

 australis]). —GisL&v:, Zool. Bidrag Uppsala, vol. 9, 1924, pp. 85, 213. — H. L. Clark, Rec. 

 South Australian Mus., vol. 3, No. 4, May 9, 1928, p. 368; Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool., vol. 55, 

 1938, p. 44 (relation to Aporometra, new genus). — Ekman, Tiergeographie des Meeres, 1935, 

 p. 283. — H. L. Clark, Echinoderm fauna of Australia, 1946, p. 55 (key to the included species; 

 notes). 



Geographical range. — Southern Australia northward to Dirk Ilartog Island on 

 the west coast and to the Clarence River on the east coast. 



Bathymetrical range. — From the shore line do\vn to 113 meters. 



History. — In 1877 Prof. Edward Perceval Wright described a new genus of 

 sponge that he called Kallispongia, with the genotype Kallispongia archeri, new 

 species. Stuart O. Ridley, then recorder for the sponges in the Zoological Record, 

 noted the similarity between this new genus (for which he suggested the emendation 

 Callispongia) and the pentacrinoid young of comatulids and said it was doubtful 

 whether it was a sponge. Professor Wright figured two individuals. One of these 

 appears to be a pentacrinoid of Compsometra loveni, and the other, which he calls a 

 variety, may be a pentacrinoid of the east Australian species of this genus {australis). 

 The genus Kallispongia may be disregarded as based upon unidentifiable larvae. 

 Dr. P. H. Carpenter in 1888 remarked that "it is now clear that Kallispongia, Wright, 

 is a real Coraatulid larva, and not a mimetic Keratose sponge, as was at first supposed." 

 He makes no further reference to it. 



In a paper pubhshed on October 29, 1907, I described. the new genus Ptilometra, 

 giving as the genotype Alecto macronema J. Miiller, 1841. Miiller did not describe 

 any Alecto macronema in 1841, but he did describe Comatula macronema in 1846, and 

 this was the species I had in mind. My idea of Comatula macronema was derived 

 entirely from Car])enter's description in the Challenger report supplemented by a 

 study of various specimens all of which were from Sydney, or were without locality 

 and probablj"^ from Sydney. The genus Ptilometra was therefore based upon the 

 species herein called aiistralis, wronglj'^ identified as macronema. Under Ptilometra 

 I listed P. anthus (A. H. Clark), P. longicirra (P. H. Carpenter), P. macronema 

 (J. MiiUer), and P. mucropoda (A. H. Clark). I noted that "I had at first isolated 

 Alecto macronema, nialdng it the type of Ptilometra, and including the other species 

 in the genus Asterometra with Antedon macropoda as the type, but further study has led 

 me to combine the two, at least for the present." In January 1908, in a key to the 

 genera of the Antedonidae I included Ptilometra with the genotype Comatula macro- 

 nema J. Miiller, and also Asterometra with the genotype Antedon macropoda A. H. 

 Clark. Since then there has been no change in the status of Ptilometra. 



