CATALO(J OF THE CYCLE COLLECTION 23 



and rear. They are fitted with 28-incli, single-tube, pneumatic tires. 

 The tires are not original, but are replacements of about 1930. The 

 hubs are machined from solid drop forgings of steel, and are fitted 

 with detachable ball cases for the bearings. Ea<'h end of the front and 

 rear axles is supported on a ball bearing. Lubrication is through 

 oil holes in the wheel hubs. 



The rear-Avlieel sprocket is driven by a block chain, on the right side 

 of the machine, that passes over the front sprocket. The tension of 

 the chain is adjusted by moving the rear axle backwards or forwards 

 in slots at the rear end of the rear fork. There is no coaster attach- 

 ment, the pedals always turning while the bicycle is in motion. The 

 nonadjustable crank throws are 6 inches in length, and the pedals 

 are rubber covered and mounted on ball bearings. The two halves 

 of the crank assembly are dovetailed together within the crank hanger, 

 yet can be easily separated and removed from the hanger, which is 

 fitted with two covered oil holes for lubrication of the crank ball 

 bearings. 



The curved, tubular handle bars are tipped with ivory grips bor- 

 dered with wide, silver ban<ls. The bars themselves are embellished 

 with gold-plated, flowerlike decorations, as is the frame. 



A rear nuidguard and a chain guard, also nickel-plated and dec- 

 orated, are supplied, as is a hand-operated spoon brake operating on 

 the front tire and controlled by a lever pivoted on the right handle 

 bar. Twine is laced across the chain guard and the rear mudguard 

 to protect the rider's clothing. 



The decorated leather saddle is the Columbia Model 22, introduced 

 in 1896. It consists of a black leather seat resting on a flat spring, 

 with a spiral spring at the rear. It is adjustable vertically, as well 

 as backwards and forwards. 



An oil lamp marked "Aladdin, Tiffany & Co., sterling," fitted with 

 a large clear lens in the front, and small red and green lenses in the 

 left and right sides, is attached to a bracket at the front fork. Foot- 

 rests are not provided on the fork. A decorated warning bell is 

 fitted to the left handle bar. 



This machine is a Model 41 Columbia, made by the Pope Manu- 

 facturing Co., of Hartford, Conn. It weighs approxinuitely 30 

 pounds, and bears the serial number 12877. 



COLUMBIA TANDEM BICYCLE, 1896 



U. S. N. M. No. 309506 ; original ; gift of Mr. and Mrs. Goldvviu Goldsraitli in 1928 ; 

 photograph No. 767 ; plate 18, 6. 



After the drop frame was invented, adapting the bicycle to women's 

 use, the combination composed of the diamond frame and the drop 

 frame, thus forming a tandem bicycle, became very popular. 



