132 ANCIENT MONUMENTS. 



conical mounds are mentioned in the description as occurring within the enclosure, 

 but do not appear in the plan. Quite a number occur just exterior to the walls, 

 some of which are represented to be of large size. Covering the south-west 

 angle is a crescent-tbrm work of considerable extent, which also has bastions 

 at intervals throughout its length. A cellar and stairway within one of the square 

 mounds, and a subterranean passage arched with stone, are mentioned as existing 

 here ; but they lack confirmation and deserve little credit. 



The walls, which are described as being built of brick; are composed of clay, 

 probably burned on the spot. Whether they are burned throughout, has not yet 

 been ascertained, and can only be determined by removing a section of the wall. 

 It will doubtless be found that the burning is superficial, resulting from the com- 

 bustion of some wooden superstructure, or Irom design. We shall be warranted in 

 ascribing the use of burned bricks to the race which built these works, only upon 

 the most conclusive evidence, and such we do not at present possess.* The walls 

 of many of the enclosures in the Scioto valley appear to have been slightly burned. 

 (See page 28.) 



The plan of the work presented by Mr. Taylor is palpably an imperfect one. 

 No gateways or entrances are represented, nor is the scale upon which the work 

 is laid down exhibited, — omissions which would not be likely to occur in a plan 

 made after accurate survey. A complete map and description of this work, such 

 as its singular character merits, is a desideratum. 



This is the only work with projections partaking of the character of bastions, 

 which has fallen under notice, and is in this respect remarkable. 



That these projections were designed to subserve the purposes to which bastions 

 are applied in modern tortification is not clear. The object of the bastion is to 

 enfilade the wall of the defence, so as to preclude an enemy from approaching it 

 or carrying on his operations under its shelter. Hence they are placed at such 

 intervals as may easily be swept or commanded by the weapons in use ; the 

 distance of a bow-shot apart would therefore be adequate to all the purposes for 

 which their erection is required. So far from this being the case in the work 

 under notice, it appears that they are placed at the short intervals of from thirty 

 to eighty feet. This circumstance, though not conclusive on the point, would 

 seem to indicate that they were not constructed for the purpose which we should 

 be apt at first glance to assign to them. 



Number 2. — " Among the various works of antiquity in this region," observes 

 Mr. S. Taylor, " those in the form of men are numerous. This figure torms one 

 of an extensive series of these works, of various shapes, situated upon S. dH, T. 

 9, R. 1, W. of 4tli M., in the margin of a forest, and is covered with large trees. 

 It is truly a giant, measuring from the extremity of one arm to that of the other. 



* The authors have the assurance of a. gentleman for some time connecled « itli the Milwaukie Land OflBce, 

 and who is every way ((uulified to judge in the matter, that tlie walls are of clay, probably only supiir- 

 ticially burned, and possess no indications of having been composed of bricks. The representations to 

 the contrary have probably been the result of misapprehension. 



