10 FIELD ORNITHOLOGY. 



how Itpautifiil she is ! I would have you to know and love her ; for foirer mistress never 

 swayed the heart of man. Aim high ! — press on, and leave the half-way house of mere col- 

 lectorship far behind in your pursuit of a delightful study, nor fancy the closet its goal. 



Birds may be sought anywhere, at any time ; they should he sought everywhere, at 

 all times. Some come about your doorstep to tell their stories unasked. Others spring up 

 before you as you stroll in the field, like the flowers tliat enticed the feet of Proserpine. Birds 

 flit by as you measure the tired roadside, lending a tithe of their life to quicken your dusty 

 steps. They disport overhead at hide-and-seek with the foliage as you loiter in the shade of 

 the forest, and their music now answers the sigh of tlie tree-tops, now ripples an echo to the 

 voice of the brook. But you will not always so pluck a thomless rose. Birds hedge them- 

 selves about with a bristling gu-dle of brier and bramble you cannot break ; they build their 

 tiny castles in the air surrounded by impassable moats, and the drawbridges are never down. 

 They crown the mountain-top you may lose your breath to climb ; they sprinkle the desert 

 where your parched lips may find no cooling draught ; they fleck the snow-wreath when the 

 nipping blast may make you turn your back ; they breathe unharmed the pestUent vapors of 

 the swamp that mean disease, if not death, for you ; they outride the storm at sea that sends 

 strong men to their last account. Where now will you look for birds ? 



And yet, as skilled labor is always most productive, so expert search yields more than 

 random or blundering pursuit. Imprimis ; The more varied the face of a country, the more 

 varied its birds. A place all plain, all marsh, all woodland, yields its particular set of birds, 

 perhaps in profusion : but the kinds wQl be limited in number. It is of first importance to 

 remember this, when you are so fortunate as to have choice of a collecting-ground ; and it will 

 guide your steps aright in a day's walk anywhere, for it will make you leave covert for open, 

 wet for dry, high for low and back again. Well-watered country is more fruitful of bird-life 

 than desert or even prairie ; warm regions are more productive thon cold ones. As a rule, 

 variety and abundance of birds are in direct ratio to diversity and luxuriance of vegetation. 

 Your most valuable as well as largest bags may be made in the regions most favored botani- 

 cally, up to the point where exuberance of plant-growth mechanically opposes your operations. 



Search for particular Birds can cmly be well directed, of course, by a knowledge of 

 their special haunts and habits, and is one of the mysteries of wood-craft only solved by long 

 experience and close observation. Here is where the true naturalist bears himself with con- 

 scious pride and strength, winning laurels that become him, and do honor to his calling. 

 Where to find game ("game" is anything that vulgar people do not ridicule you for shooting) 

 of all the kinds we have in this country has been so often and so minutely detailed in sporting- 

 works that it need not be here enlarged upon, especially since, being the best known, it is the 

 least valuable of ornithological material. Most large or othermse conspicuous birds have very 

 special haunts that may be soon learned ; and as a rule such rank next after game in oraitho- 

 logical disesteem. Birds of prey are an excepticm to these statements; they range everywhere, 

 and most of them are worth securing. Hawks will unwittingly fiy in your way oftener than 

 they will allow you to approach them when perched : be ready for them. Owls will be 

 startled out of their retreats in thick bushes, dense foliage, and hollow trees, in the daytime ; 

 if hunting them at night, good aim in the dark may be taken by rubbing a wet lucifer match 

 on the sight of the gun, causing a momentary glinniier. Large and small waders are to be 

 found by any water's edge, in open marshes, and often on dry plains ; the herons more particu- 

 larly in heavy bogs and dense swamps. Under cover, waders are oftenest approached by 

 stealth ; in the open, by strategy ; but most of the smaller kinds require the exercise of no special 

 precautions. Swimming birds, aside from water-fowl (as the "game" kinds are called), are gen- 

 erally shot from a boat, as they fly past ; but at their breeding places many kinds that congre- 



