KEY 



TO Si t o %^ ^ yy 



North American Birds. 



CONTAINING A CONCISE ACCOUNT OF EVERY SPECIES OF LIVING AND FOSSIL 



BIRD AT PRESENT KNOWN FROM THE CONTINENT NORTH OF THE 



MEXICAN AND UNITED STATES BOUNDARY, INCLUSIVE 



OF GREENLAND AND LOWER CALIFORNIA, 



WITH WHICH ARE INCORPORATED 



GENERAL ORNITHOLOGY: 



AN OUTLINE OF THE STRUCTURE AND CLASSIFICATION OF BIRDS; 



AND 



FIELD ORNITHOLOGY, 



A MANUAL OF COLLECTING, PREPARING, AND PRESERVING BIRDS. 



Cfje iFourt]) lEliition, 



EXHIBITING THE NEW NOMENCLATURE OF THE AMERICAN ORNITHOLOGISTS' UNION, AND 

 INCLUDING DESCRIPTIONS OF ADDITIONAL SPECIES, ETC. 



By ELLIOTT COUES, A.M., M.D., Ph.D., 



Late Captain and Assistant Surgeon U. S. Army and Secretary U. S. Geological Survey ; Vice-President of the American 



Ornithologists' Union, and Chairman of the Committee on the Classification and Nomenclature of North American Birds ; 



Foreign Member of the British Ornithologists' Union : Corresponding Member of the Zoological Society 



of London : Men\ber of the National Academy of Sciences, of the Faculty of the National 



Medical College, of the Philosophical and Biological Societies of Washington, 



of the General Council of the Theosophical Society of India, etc. 



PROFUSELY ILLUSTRATED. 



BOSTON: 

 ESTES AND LAURIAT, 



i^- . \ 1890. 



