244 SYSTEM A TIC SYNOPSIS. — PA SSERES — OSCINES. 



Streaked below on white ground, with reddish sides. (European.) iliacus 4 



Banded crosswise, not .spotted, below ; upper parts slate-colored. (Western.) ncevius 5 



Spotted below on white or tawny groun<l, or on both. 

 Upper parts not of uniform color. 



Upper parts tawny, shading to olive on rump. (Wood Thrush, eastern.) mustelhius 6 



Upper parts olive, shading to rufous on rump. 



Of medium .size. (Hermit Thrush, eastern.) namis 10 



Of largest size. (Hermit Thrush, Rocky Mts.) auduboni 9 



Of smallest size. (Hermit Thrush, Pacific coast.) unalascm 8 



Upper parts of uniform color throughout. 



Upper parts tawny : spots below few, pale, chiefly confined to buft" jugulum : no buflF 



eye-ring. (Tawny Thrush, eastern.) fuscescens 7 



Upper parts russet olive ; under parts as before ; no bufl" eye-ring. (Tawny Thrush, 



western.) salicicola 7 



Upper parts russet olive ; spots below numerous, invading white breast ; a buflf eye- 

 ring. (Western Olive-backed Thrush.) . ustulatus 11 



Upper parts dark pure olive ; spots below as before; a bulf eye-ring. (Eastern Olive- 

 backed Thrush.) swainsoni 13 



Upper parts dark pure olive ; spots below as before ; no bufr eye-ring. (Eastern.) . . . alicia 12 



T. migrato'rius. (Lat. migmtorius, migratory; migrator, a wanderer. Figs. 36, 58, 116.) 

 Robin. $, iu summer : Upper parts slate-color, with a shade of ohve. Head black, the eye- 

 lids and a spot before the eye white, and the throat streaked with white. Quills of the wings 

 dusky, edged with hoary ash, and with the color of the back. Tail blackish, the outer 

 feather usually tipped with wliite. Under parts, to the vent, including the under wing-coverts, 

 ^_^_^_ chestnut. Under tail-coverts and tibiae white, 



showing more or less plumbeous. Bill yellow, 

 often with a dusky tip. Mouth yellow. Eyes 

 dark brown. Feet blackish, the soles yeUow- 

 f^>.'^.^H^H^^^^^^^^^ ish. Length about 10.00 ; extent 16.00 ; wing 

 ^ ^^""^ 5.00-5.50; tail 4.00-4.50; biUO.80; tarsus, or 



middle toe and claw, 1.25. 9 > in summer : 

 Similar, but the colors duUer; upper parts 

 rather olivaceous-gray ; chestnut of the under 

 parts paler, the feathers skirted with gray or 

 Fig. 116. -Robin, nat. size. (Ad. nat. del. E. C.) ^r\YiiQ ; head and tail less blackish ; throat with 

 more white. Bill much clouded with dusky. <? 9 , in winter, and young : Similar to the adult 

 9 , but receding somewhat farther from the $ iu sunamer by the duller colors, the paleness 

 and restriction of the chestnut, with its extensive skirting with white ,» lack of distinction of the 

 color of the head from that of the back, tendency of the white spot before the eye to run into 

 a superciliary streak, and dark color of most of the biU. Very young birds have the back 

 speckled, each feather being whitish centrally, with a dusky tip ; and the cinnamon of the 

 under parts is spotted with blackish. The greater coverts are tipped with white or rufous, 

 frequently persistent, as are also some similar marldngs on the lesser coverts. N. Am. at 

 large ; an abundant and ffimiliar bird, migratory, but breeding anywhere in its range. Nest 

 in trees, usually saddled on a horizontal bough, composed largely of mud; eggs 4-6, about 

 1.18 X 0.80, unifonn greenish-blue, normally unspotted. 



T. m. propin'quus ? (Lat. propinquus, neighboring ; as related to the last.) Allied 

 Robin. Quite like T. migratorius ; averaging slightly larger; wing up to 5.60; tail up 

 to 4.70, not so blackish as that of T. migratorius, the outer feather without white, or 

 merely a narrow edging. A scarcely distinguished race, of the Rocky Mt. region and 

 westward. 



T. confi'nis. (Lat. confinis, allied or related; as to T. migmtorins.) St. Luc AS Robin. 

 Upper parts, including sides of head and neck, uniform grayish-ash, with slight olive shade, 

 scarcely darker on the head ; chin and throat white, streaked with ashy-brown ; breast, sides. 



