FRINGILLID^ : FINCHES, BUNTINGS, SP ARROWS, ETC. 353 



a general buffy suflusion, especially on fore parts; edgings of wing likewise buffy ; streaks below 

 less sharply defined ; crimson of crown restricted, or of a coppery or bronzy tint. In worn inid- 

 suuiiner plumage the bird is very dark colored, almost entirely dusky. This bright little bird 

 inhabits northerly parts of both hemispheres, irregularly south in winter in N. Am. to about 

 '.Vo° ; at times abundant, but erratic. Eggs 4-5, very pale bluish, finely speckled all over with 

 reddish-brown, 0.65 X 0.52. Nest in low trees and bushes. 



208. 2E.. 1. hol'boelli. (To C. Holboll, a Danish naturalist.) Holboll's Red-poll. Like the 

 last ; larger ; length 6.00 or more ; wing 3.25 ; tail 2.75 ; bill longer and less constricted, with 

 straight lateral outlines and rather curved culmen. Europe and N. Am., especially Canada and 

 New England. 



209. 2E.. hor'nemanni. (To J. W. Hornemann. Fig. 216.) Greenland Mealy Red-poll. 

 Hill regularly conic, only moderately compressed and acute, as high at base as long, color 

 varying with season from black to yellow. Frontlet black, overlaid with hoary. A recogni- 

 zable light superciliary stripe, reaching to the bill. Crimson cap over nearly all the crown. 

 Upper parts streaked with brownish-black and white, the latter edging and tipping the feathers ; 

 this white nearly pure, only slightly flaxen on sides of head and neck. Wings and tail as in 

 other species. Rump and entire under parts from the sooty throat white, free from spots, the 

 rump and breast rosy. Feet large and stout ; tarsus rather longer than middle toe and claw. 

 Length 6.00 ; wing 3.30 ; tail 2.80 ; bill 0.34 ; tarsus 0.65 ; middle toe and claw 0.58. Sexual 

 and seasonal changes as before ; quite dark in midsummer. Greenland and N. Europe. This 

 large hoary northern form is resident ; never known to occur in the U. S., and most of the con- 

 tinental Red-polls of even Arctic N. Am. belong to the next species. 



210. iE. exi'lipes. (Lat. exilis, exiguous, small ; pes, foot.) American Mealy Red-poll. Bill 

 small, short, stout at base, regularly conic, little compressed, all its outlines about straight ; 

 nas}»l plumules very heavy, sometimes reaching half-way to tip of bill. Frontlet dusky, but 

 the feathers tipped with hoary ; an appreciable light superciliary line ; lores and throat-spot 

 dusky. General color of upper parts as in Knaria, but the dusky streaks are smaller and les^ 

 distinct, especially on the anterior parts; and the flaxen .is very pale, nearly white, disappear- 

 ing entirely on lower back, leaving a space streaked only with dusky and white. Rump snowy- 

 white, rosy-tinted, immaculate. Wings and tail as in other species ; under parts white, the 

 breast with a rosy tint, paler than in Unaria of same age and season ; the sides streaked with 

 dusky, the markings sparser and less definite than in Unaria; crissum almost immaculate. 

 Feet very small and weak, the toes especially shorter. Length 5.50 ; extent 9.00 ; wing 3.00 ; 

 tail 2.50 ; tarsus 0.55 ; middle toe without claw 0.28 ; middle toe and claw shorter than tarsus ; 

 bill 0.32. Seasonal and sexual differences as before. This form inhabits the whole of boreal 

 America, seldom reaching the U. S. and only along the northern tier of States. 



69 LINO'TA. (Latinized from Fr. linotte, a linnet.) Linnets. Character of JEgiothus in 

 form ; no crimson crown. European. 



211. L. flaviros'tris brew'steri? (Lat. flavirostris, yellow-billed. To Wm. Brewster, of Cam- 

 bridge.) Brewster's Linnet. With the general appearance of an immature JEgiothm, 

 this bird will be recognized by absence of crimson on crown, no black throat-spot, a sulphur- 

 yellowish shade on lower back, and somewhat different proportions. Wing 3.00; tail 2.50; 

 tarsus 0.50. Massachusetts, one specimen known. {JEgiothus flavirostris, var. hrewsteri, 

 Ridg., Am. Nat., vi, July, 1872, p. 433 ; Hist. N. A. B., i, 1874, p. 501. Conjectured to be 

 JEgiothits Unaria X Chrgsomitris pinus. ) 



70. CHRYSOMI'TRIS. (Or. xpvo'o/xiVpty, c/ir?«so9mYn.s, having a golden head-dress.) Siskins. 

 Bill exceedingly acute; its lateral outlines concave by compression of the sides toward tlie end, 

 culmen and gonys about straight, commissure angulated, cutting edges inflected, no ridges on 

 either mandible. Nasal tufts ^concealing the nostrils in their short fossae. Wings long, 

 exceeding the short, emarginate tail ; point formed by the 1-3 or 4 quills, 5 and rest rapidly 



