ALCID^ — PHALERIDIN^ : A UKS. 



806 



857. 



Fig. 537. — Horn-billed Auk, adult in winter, nat. size. (From Elliott.) 

 orange than red ; the plumage entirely hlackish abc 



pieces ; the change in upper mandible is decided, as in F. arctica, but the difference in the 

 lower mandible is comparativelj' slight. In birds of the first spring the terminal portion of the 

 bill may be smooth, like the under mandible, and the bill and feet rather orange-red than ver- 

 milion ; at this time the face whitens and the crests sprout. Young : No crests, and no white 



about the face 

 The bill like thai 

 of the adults ir. 

 winter after the 

 moult, saddled 

 with soft dark-col- 

 ored skin at base, 

 but every way 

 smaller, weaker, 

 and quite smooth 

 ( " Sagmatorliina 

 lathami," &g. oS5,) 

 and, like the feet, 

 rather yellow or 

 sooty- brown below, the feathers of the 

 belly and flanks whitish at the base ; iris brown. Coasts and Islands of the N. Pacific, S. in 

 winter on the American side to Califoniia ; of casual occurrence on the Atlantic Coast to New 

 England. General habits and economy of the common pufiin ; nesting similar. Egg single, 

 rough, dead-white, but showing, besides frequent discolorations, obsolete shell-markings of 

 pale purplish-gray ; size from 2.65 to 2.85, by 1.92 to 2.00 ; broader and more capacious than 

 that of F. corniculata, though no longer. 



CERATORHI'NA. (Gr. Kepa%, Keparos, keras, keratos, a horn ; pt's-, pivos, hris, hrinos, the 

 nose.) Ehinoceros Auks. Related to Lunda and Fratercula j no peculiarity of eyelids or 

 inner claw ; bill smooth ; 

 base of upper mandible 

 with a large upright 

 horn, and under mandi- 

 ble with an accessory 

 homy piece lying be- 

 tween its rami ; this 

 piece and the horn decid- 

 uous, when base of up- 

 per mandible covered 

 •with, a soft cere. Bill 

 shorter than head, stout, Fig- 538. — Hom-billed Auk, young, nat. size. (From Elliot. ) 



deep at base, much compressed and rapidly tapering to acute decurved tip, sides erect, smooth, 

 culmen very convex, gape gently curved, gonys nearly straight, with angle at symphysis. 

 Nostrils short, linear, subbasal, marginal, impervious, at base of the horn or cere. Two 

 series, postocular and maxillary, of lengthened, straight, stiffish lance-acute white feathers on 

 each side of head. General form of Fratercula. Size large. One species. 

 C. monocera'ta. (Gr. fwvos, monos, only, single ; Kepas, Tcerax, horn. Figs. 536, 537, 538.) 

 Unicorn Auk. Horn-bill Auk. Adults in summer : Bill orange-yellow. Cuhnen and 

 base of upper mandible dusky ; feet some yellow color, the tarsi bcliind and the soles blackish; 

 claws black. The sharp feathers of the head white, about an inch long. Entire upper parts 

 glossy blue-black; a line of white along edf,'o of forearm. Sides of head and neck, of body 

 along under the wings, with chin, throat, and fore-breast, clear grayish-ash, or pale bluisli- 



