48 BULLETIN 139, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM 



the fire bowl. Another from the same locality has three bosses on 

 the rim of the bowl. A specimen from San Fernando, Union, Luzon, 

 Philippine Islands, is a pottery oval bowl decorated with stamped 

 patterns and having three bosses at the rear. It is called "caZan con 

 hangaJ' From the same city is a simple pottery stove consisting of 

 a flat base extended to form a hearth and with curving sides forming 

 an effective continuous pot rest. A heavy pottery stove of triangu- 

 lar shape is used in the PhiUppines. It has three large bosses in the 

 middle of the equal sides and smaller bosses at the angles. It will 

 be seen, therefore, that a large pot and three smaller pots may be set 

 over the fire in this geometric stove. This stove is one remove from 

 the three-legged iron pot rest from Morocco in that it has a bottom 

 while the trivet requires the earth for a fireplace. Sven Hedin 

 describes a similar iron trivet with pot supports in use among the 

 Mongols of Tsaidam.'^ Pottery stoves from Tebessa, Algeria, consist 

 of a fire bowl with semilunar portions of the rim removed, giving 

 three supports for the cooking pot, the latter having lugs and a flat 

 bottom.'^ The Hindu pottery stove is shaped like a metate with 

 four legs, and the fire is built on the ground underneath. A projec- 

 tion of cup shape with four pot supports is for small cooking. A 

 more elaborate old Hindu portable stove (aiigithi) is in the Taylor 

 collection. South Kensington Museum, London. It is of iron and 

 brass openwork with chains and handles. Fire is placed in an eight- 

 sided vessel which rests on three curved legs, and an eight-sided rim 

 of pierced work enables cooking vessels to be placed over it.^" 

 Draughtless stoves, called mangal, of pottery are in use in Egypt» 

 They are constricted near the base and widen toward the top. They 

 resemble the pottery stoves excavated at Der el Ballas, a specimen 

 of which is in the Museum of the Affiliated Colleges in San Francisco, 

 CaUfornia. This specimen has three triangular holes cut through the 

 wall of the vessel near the rim. 



Stoves with rudimentary draught. — Dr. and Mrs. Talcott Williams 

 collected in Morocco a rude, coarse pottery bowl having three pot 

 supports inside the rim. It has three holes punched tlirough the 

 sides above the fire line. It is described as "a Majmar Arab vessel 

 used to light charcoal fires in the village fair of Beni Ogerba, near El 

 Usted, Morocco" (pi. 13, fig. 7). A similar pottery stove bowl 

 mountedon three legs from Mexico (pi. 15, fig. 1). The upper portion 

 of the bowl is pierced with two squared openings and two slashes. The 

 border of the rim on which the cooking pot rests is scalloped. A 

 simple pottery bowl stove from Java has a fire hole cut in the side, 

 wliich in use would give some draught. 



"Through Asia, vol. 2, 1899, p. 1086. 



!• Le Tour du Monde, vol. , 1880, p. 17. 



J" Catalogue of Objects of Indian Art, 1875, p. 292. 



