GLOSSARY. 



Fig. 1, under surface of Harpalus 

 ealiginosus. (After Leconte, from Pack- 

 ard.) f(,ligula; b, paraglossK; c, sup- 

 ports of labial palpi ; cZ, labial palpus; 

 €, mentum; /, inner lobe of maxilla; g, 

 outer lobe of maxilla; h, ma.\illary pal- 

 pus; i, mandible; k, buccal (cheek) 

 opening : /, gula or throat ; in, m, buccal 

 sutures ; n, gular suture ; o, presternum ; 

 p, episternum of prothorax ; p prime, 

 epimeron of prothorax ; g, q prime, q 

 second, coxse ; r, r prime, r second, tro- 

 chanters ; », 8 prime, » second, femora or 

 thighs; t, t prime, t second, tibiffi; v, v 

 second, v third, etc., ventral abdominal 

 segments; 10, episterna of mesothorax, 

 (the epimeion is just behind it); x. me- 

 sosternuni ; v, episterna of metathorax ; 

 y prime, epimeron of metathorax: 2, 

 metasternum. 



It is now believed, from a study 

 of the embryos and certain de- 

 graded forms of hexapodous in- 

 sects, that the head is composed 

 of four rings or segments, tlie an- 

 tennae being appended to the lirst, 

 the mandibles to the second, the 

 hrst pair of niaxill* to the third. 

 and the laliium or second maxilliB 

 to the fourth. The thorax is 

 made up of three segments, with 

 a pair of legs to each, and a pair 

 of wings to the second and third 

 segments, except in Diptera, 

 where the one pair is appended to the middle segment. The segments of the 

 abdomen number ten or eleven, the tubercles iorming the ovipositor being ap- 

 pended to the eighth and ninth segments and those forming the male genital 

 organ to the ninth. 



Each segment of the body may be divided into an uj)per (tergite), a side 

 (pleurite), and an under piece (sternite). The pleural surface is composed of 

 two pieces in the thorax, — the epimeron and the ei)isternum — and one j)air 

 of accessary pieces (two pairs in mesothorax). 



The modifications of the mouth-parts are numerous. In Hymenoptera 



