). Larva and pupa active j 

 Species terrestrial, hind 



Sub-order VII. — 1. Jaws. 2. Two rather thick and opaque 1 



upper^ wings, overlapping a little on the back. 3. Two 

 thin wings, larger, and folded in plaits like a fan. 4. | 

 Transformation not complete. 5. 

 and resembling the imago. 6 

 limbs large and adapted lor leaping. 



Sub-order VIII. — 1. Jaws. 2. Four netted, membranous wings. ] 

 3. Hinder pair slightly larger (or sometimes smaller or ob- 

 solete. 4. Body elongated. 5. No piercer or sting. | 

 6. Transformation complete or partial. 7. Pupae (ac- }- 

 cordingly) inactive or active; when inactive it resides in a 

 cocoon. 8. Larvae of various forms. 9. Most species 

 aquatic. 



13 



ORTIIOP- 

 TERA. 



(Straifrlit- 

 winged In- 

 sects.) 

 104-110 



14 



NEUROP- 

 TERA. 



(Nerve- 

 wintreil In- 

 fect?. j 



111-121 



SUB-ORDEE I.— HYMENOPTERA. 



Stingers; larvae without legs. 



Fainili/ a- — 1- Antennae of males mostly thirteen jointed, of fe- 

 males twelve jointed. 2. In higlier genera, mouth parts 

 elongated. 3 Labial palpi, four jointed. 4. Maxil- 

 lary palpi, one to six jointed. 5. Hind tibia and basal ■ 

 joint of tarsi in pollen-gathering species, very broad; in 

 parasitic species usually narrow. 6. Body usually dense- | 

 ly hirsute. 7. Seeb. J 



Family "b. — 1. Body more attenuated, more cylindrical, and with " 

 .harder and smoother tegument than in a. 2. Antennae 

 elbowed. 3. Mandibles large and stout. 4. Maxillary 

 palpi six jointed. 5. Labial palpi four jointed. 6. 

 iParaglossae well developed. 7. Wings long and narrow 

 and folded at once longitudinally when at rest 8. Hind 



shanks and tibiae smooth. 9. Larvae with larger heads 

 in proportion to rest of body than in a. 



Famili/ c- — 1- Head very large, cuboidal. 2. Clypeus vei\y 



short and covered for the most part with a dense silvery or 

 golden pile. 3. Antennae geniculate, being received, 



when at rest, in a deep, frontal, vertical groove. 4. Man- 

 dibles large and of even width. 5. Ligula short. 6. 

 Thorax sub-spherical. 7. Abdomen short and stout or 

 more or less pediculate. 8. Fore feet in females fossorial. 

 9. Larvae short and thick, — spin either a slight cocoon or 

 a dense, brown, oval, cylindrical case. 



Family &.- — 1. Head transversely longer and less cubical than in] 

 C. 2.. Clypeus long and narrow. 3. Eyes long and | 

 narrow. 4. Antennae more clavate than in C- 5. \- 



Wings long and narrow. 6. Abdomen obconic when ses- | 

 sile, clavate when pediculate. J 



15 



APIARI^E. 

 (Bees.) 



16 



V ES PA- 

 RI A E. 



(Wasps.) 



17 



CRABRON- 

 IDAE, 



(Hornets.) 



Ig 



NYSSON- 

 IDAE. 



Family g. — 1 . Heads large, 

 triangular, like a beak. 



19 



2. Labrum very large and long; ] 

 3. Body flattened. ^ 4. Species } pp,,,.^^ 

 very active and fly rapidly with a loud hum. 5. Female | idae 

 burrows in sand, burying various species of diptera. J (Hummers.) 



