580 



SYSTEMA TIC SYNOPSIS. — PICARLE — PI CI. 



long; more than half the coininissure. Nostrils concealed by large nasal tufts; antrorse 

 feathers also at base of lower inundible. Outer hlud toe much the longest. Wings pointed ; 

 4th, 3d, and 5th quills longest; 2d much shorter; 1st very short and narrow. Tail very cune- 

 ate. Containing the largest and most magnificent known Woodpeckers, of several species, 

 peculiar to America. The Imperial Woodpecker, C- imperialis, comes in Chihuahua within 

 50 miles of our border, and will no doubt be found in the mountains of S. Arizona or New 

 Mexico. It is larger than the Ivory-bill, with no white stripe on the neck, and black nasal 

 tufts. It has been attributed to the U. S., but I have never felt at liberty to use the Key on 

 the lock of futurity. 



C. principalis. (Lat. ^rindpafe, principal; ^rinceps, chief. Figs. 391, 392, 393.) Ivory- 

 billed Woodpecker. White-billed Logcock. $ 9 • Glossy blue-black ; a stripe down 



„ _ - - side of neck, one at base 



of bill, the scapulars, 

 under wing-coverts, ends 

 of secondaries and of in- 

 ner primaries, the bill, 

 and nasal feathers white ; 

 feet grayish-blue ; iris 

 yellow. A long pointed 

 crest, in $ scarlet faced 

 with black, in 9 black. 

 Length 19.00-21.00; ex- 

 tent 30.00-33.00; wing 

 9.75-10.75; tail 7.00- 

 8.00 ; bill 2.50-2.75 ; 

 tarsus 2.00. Varies much 

 in size ; 9 smaller than 

 ^. A large powerful 

 bird of the S. Atlantic 

 and Gulf States, formerly 



Fig. 39;^. - Ivory-bUled Woodpecker. N_ ty ]^^f,_ Carolina along 



the coast, to the Ohio river in the interior ; range restricted of late years, almost coincident 

 with maritime regions, N. and W. only to portions of S. Car., Ga., Ala., Miss., Ark., and very 

 small part of Texas; still locally common in the dark heavily-wooded swamps, but very wild 

 and wary, difficult to secure. Nests high in the most 

 inaccessible trees; hole deep, with oval opening; eggs 

 3-5, 1.35 X 1.00, on an average, varying moderately, 

 somewhat pointed, highly porcellanous ; they are laid 

 early, sometimes even in February, oftenest in March, 

 April, and early in May. 



CKOPHLCE'US. (Gr. /cfw or mo), keo or keio, I split, 

 cleave ; and (^\oi6s, phloios, bark of trees.) Pileated 

 Woodpeckers. General form as in Campephilus. Bill 

 as in that genus, but not white, with shorter gonys only 

 about half as long as commissure ; nasal plumes as be- 

 fore, but no antrorse feathers on sides of lower mandible. 

 Wings and tail substantially as in Campephilus. Feet 

 peculiar : outer posterior shorter than outer anterior toe, and tarsus shorter than inner anterior 

 toe and claw; inner posterior toe very short (fig. 395). Bill dark; general color black, re- 

 lieved by white ; ^ with a pointed scarlet crest ; 9 crested, but with black only. Our single 



Fig. 393 — Ivory-billed Woodpecker, 

 Left foot. (L. A. Fuertes.) 



