PICIDjE — PICIX.E : WOODPECKERS. 



681 



b'la. 'Mi. — Florida Pileated Woodpecker. 



si)ccies is the representative of the famous Black Woodpecker of Europe, Picus martius — a 

 chissic bird, by some considered type of the Liuntean genus Picus. There are several typical 

 American species. (Hijlafomus Baikd, 1858, emended Hylntomus by Cabanis, 1862, and so 

 ill all former eds. of the Key, preoccupied by 

 Hylotoma Latreille, 1804, a genus of hy- 

 menoptcrous insects; Ceophlosus Cab. J. f. (). 

 1862, p. 176, type Picus lineatus, str\ctly con- 

 generic with our species ; and Phlosotonuis 

 Cab. MurTTeTn. IV, 1863, p. 102, type Picio 



pileatits : see Auk, Jan. 1885, p. 52.) (t: ^^iBH^^fc.. ^^^fcHt-^a*^ . / 



C. pilea'tus. (Lat. jyileatus, ca})])ed, i. e. 

 crested; pileiim, a cap. Fig. 394.) Pilk- 



ATKD WOODPECKKR. P.LACK-IilLLED LoG- 



COCK. General color dull black; throat, 

 jKist ocular line, a long stripe from nostrils 

 along side of head and neck, spreading on side 

 of breast, lining of wing, and a great white 

 space at bases of wing-quills, white, more or 

 less tinged with sulphury-yellow. Feathers 

 of Hanks and lielly often skirted, and some of the quills often tipped with the same. ^: Top 

 of head, including whole crest, and a cheek-patch, scarlet. 9- Posterior part of crest only 

 scarlet, and no cheek-jiatch. $9'- J>'11 <''"'k horn-color, paler below; feet blackish-plum- 

 beous; iris yellow. Quite cuiistaut in coloration; very variable in size. Length 15.00-19.00 



inches, usually 17.00-1«.00 ; extent 25.00- 

 30.00, usually 26.00-28.00; winir 8.00- 

 lO.OO, usually 8.50-9.00; tail 6.00-7.00; 

 bill 1.50-2.00! 9 averaging about 2 

 inches less in length than ^, and other 

 ilimensions proportionally smaller. Xorth- 

 I in individuals averaging much larger 

 tiian southern ones. N. Am. at large, 

 common, resident anywhere iu heavy tim- 

 ber; but this is a very wild, wary, and soli- 

 tary bird — one which grows scarce^ or 

 di.sa|)pears among the first with the clearing away of forests in advance of civilization. It 

 extends nearly or quite to the limit of large trees iu the intcrinr, Imt ap^iarently not so far 

 coastwi.se in Canada, or in Alaska; and is practically absent from the 8. Rocky Mt. region of 

 the U. S. Nests iu remote and secluded woods and swamps, usually at a great height J the 

 taking of eggs is something of an rxplnit. The eggs are laid from April to June in dilTereut 

 parts of the cnuntry; they are 3 to 5 or niuic, and measure alxmt 1.25 X 0.95 on an average, 

 but range fmm 1.20 to 1.40 in h-iigth by 0.90 to 1.00 in breadth. Egijs <tf Woodpeckers are 

 piiiportioned rather to tlie bird's bulk of body than its linear dimensions ; those of Cawpr- 

 jihilus and Ceopldceus are relatively smaller than a Flicker's, fur instance. Among the curious 

 names one hears for this bird are Woodchiiek, WiMidcock, Cock of tjie Wnods, Johnny Cock, 

 and (jood God ! 



C. p. al>ietic'ola. (Lat. ahies, gen. nbieti.s, the fir-tree; colore, to inhabit, cultivate; incola, 

 an inlialiitant.) NoRriiERN PlLEATED WOODPECKER. This name designates northerly speci- 

 mens. ;(t or ne.ir the maximum <limensions above given. Range said to include heavily wooded 

 regions of N. Am. from the .southern Allei:hanies iiortliwaid. Bancs, Auk. Ajir. I8!t8, p. 176; 

 A. O. U. Suppl. List, Jan. J 899, p. 110, No. 405 «. 



Fio. 39.5. — Ri(»ht foot of Pileated Woodpeoker, nat. size 

 (Ad. nat. del. E. C; 



