732 SYSTEMATIC SYNOPSIS. — GALLIN.E — ALECTOROPODES. 



Analysis of N. Am. Genera of Telraonidce. 



Tail stiff, pointed, wedge-shaped, equalling or exceeding wing, of 20 feathers ; scaly and hair-like feathers on breast. 



Tarsi fuU-featliered. Very large. Western Centrocercus 



Tall stiff, pointed, wedge-shaped, much shorter than wing, of 18 feathers ; no obviously peculiar feathers on neck. 



Tarsi full-feathered. Western and Northern Pedittcetes 



Tail stiiBsh, rounded, much shorter than wing, of 18 feathers ; wing-like tufts and great bare inflatable space on neck. 



Tarsi scant-teathered. Eastern and Western Tympanuchus 



Tail soft, rounded, about as long as wing, of 18 feathers ; umbrella-like tufts on neck, but no obvious bare space. 



Tarsi bare below. Eastern and Western Bonasa 



Tail stifflsh, flat, square, shorter than wing, of IG feathers ; no evidently peculiar feathers or obviously bare space on 



neck. Tarsi full-feathered. Eastern and Western Canachites 



Tail as in Canachites, but of 20 feathers ; no evidently peculiar feathers on neck, but a bare inflatable space. Tarsi 



full-feathered. Western Dendragapus 



TaU, etc. as in Canachites. Tarsi and toes fully feathered. Boreal and alpine. White in winter . . . Lagopus 



CANACHI'TES. (With formative sufli.^ -ites, denoting agent or doer, from Gr. Kavaxeoi or 

 Kavaxi^^oa, kanacheo or kanachiso, I make a noise ; Kavaxos, kanachos, or KavaxTj, kanadie, a noise. 

 Hence Kavd<T}, Kanake, Lat. Canace, a proper name of the daughter of ^olns, formerly used for 

 this genus.) Tree Grouse. Spotted Grouse. No obviously lengthened or otherwise pecul- 

 iar feathers on neck or head. No obviously naked space on neck; but there is a piece of skin 

 capable of some distension. A strip of bare colored skin over eye. No crest. Tarsi feathered 

 to toes. Tail little shorter than wing, stiffish, nearly square, of broad, obtuse feathers, nor- 

 mally 16 in number (exceptionally 14 or 18, as an individual peculiarity). Of medium size, 

 and dark blended colors, inhabiting woodland, like species of Bonasa, and quite arboreal ; 

 northerly and alpine, eastern and western. Sexes distinguishable. Eggs heavily colored. 

 Meat of breast dark. (Canace of former eds. of the Key, pret)ccupied in entomology. Cana- 

 chites Stej. Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus. viii, Sept. 188.5, p. 410, as a subgenus of Dendragapus, and 

 so rated by the A. 0. U. 1886-95 ; but given proper rank in A. 0. U. Suppl. List, Auk, 

 Jan. 1899, p. 107, after Ogilvie- Grant, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xxii, 1893, p. 69, and Elliot, Gall. 

 Game Bds. 1897, p. 202. The characters, especially the number of tail-feathers and the unde- 

 veloped neck-drums, are of the kind usually held to mark genera in this family.) 



Analysis of Species. 



Tail with broad orange-brown end, its upper coverts without white spots. Eastern canadensis 



Tail without orange-brown end, its upper coverts with white spots. Western franklini 



C. canaden'sis. (Of Canada. Fig. 493.) Canada Groi'SE. Black Grouse. Spotted 

 Grouse. Spruce Grouse. Wood Grouse. Spruce "Partridge." Cedar "Par- 

 tridge." Swamp " Partridge." Adult $: Head smooth, but feathers susceptible of erec- 

 tion into a slight crest. A colored comb of naked skin over eye, bright yellow or reddish when 

 fully injected. Tail slightly rounded, of 16 feathers, a scant inch broad to their very ends. 

 Tarsi full-feathered to toes, which are naked, scaly, and fringed with deciduous pectinations 

 which grow and are moulted periodically. Tail black, broadly tipped with orange-brown ; 

 its upper coverts without decidedly white tips, though they may be edged and tipped with 

 gray. Under parts glossy black, extensively varied with white ; under tail-coverts tipped 

 with white ; sides and breast with white bars or semicircles ; white spots bounding throat ; 

 white spots on lore. Upper parts wavy-barred with black and gray, usually also with 

 some tawny markings on back and wings, and white markings on scapulars and wing- 

 coverts. In full feather, the appearance is of a black bird, grayer above, spotty with white 

 below, and orange-brown tail-end. Length 15.00-17.00 ; wing 7.00 : tail 5.50. Hen rather 

 smaller than the cock. No continuous black below, where white and tawny, latter par- 

 ticularly on breast, nearly everywhere pretty regularly wavy-barred with blackish, and 

 usually streaked with white on the flanks. Above, more like $, but browner. End of 



