PERDICIDM — ODONTOPHURIN^: PARTRIDGES AND QUAILS. 759 



gambeli, but habits and manners in all respects the same: replaces gamheU westward. Nest 



normally on the ground, as usual in this order of birds, exceptionally in a bush or even a tree ; 



eggs 10-20, creamy or bufl", well 



marked all over with small rounded 



sj)ots and larger blotches of rich 



golden brown, chestnut, and drab, 



about ] .25 X 1.00, ranging in length 



from 1.20 to 1.40 with less relative 



variation in breadth, shaped like 



those of Colinus. (Callipepla (Lo- 



phortyx) californica A. 0. U. No. 



294. L. californicus A. 0. U. 



Suppl. List, Auk, Jan. 1899, ]). 106. 



L. c. valli'cola. (Lat. vallis, a 



valley, and colere, to cultivate ; in- 



cola, an inhabitant.) California 



Valley Quail of tlie interior. 



Like the last ; lighter colored, the 



back and flanks grayish-brown 



rather than olive-brown, the line 



along inner edge of the wing pale 



buflf. Interior of California and 



Oregon, S. to Cape St. Lucas, E. 



to Nevada but not quite to Arizona. 



This is the common bird away from 



the coast region, in the valleys and 



foothills; the difference is slight, 



and exactly parallel with that of 



Oreortyx plumifera as compared 



with 0. picta. This is of course the „ ^lo n .* ■ u i » ,. i i * • /«. t> ■ 



•• Fig. 512. — California Helmet Quail, k nat. size. (From Brehm. 



subspecies which meets L. yambeli But in life the feathers of the crest are always bundled in a bunch, not 

 in soutlieastern California, about the ^^'"''^'''^ ''P"'' ^' ''^ *•>'' ^^ure.) 



sink of the Mojave River, a little W. of Arizona : see my Birds N. W. 1^74, p. 440 ; but there 

 is not the slightest intergradatiou between the two perfectly distinct species. L. californica, iu 

 part, of previous editions of the Key, and of nearly all authors; Callipepla californica vallicola 

 RiDGW. Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus. viii, 1885, p. 355; Man. 1887, p. 192; A. 0. U. No. 294 «, 

 1880-95. 



L. gam'beli. (To Wm. Gambel. Figs. 510, 513.) Gambkl'.s Paktridgk. Arizona QrAiL. 

 (J: Without white loral line ; forehead black with whitish lines ; occiput chestnut; iiuchnl and 

 cervical feathers with dark shaft-lines, but few dark edgings or none, and no wliite speckling. 

 General color of upper parts clear ash; edging of inner quills white. Fore-breast like back ; 

 other under parts butty wliitish, middle of belly with a large jet-black patch ; sides rich purplish - 

 chestnut, with sharp wliitc stripes; vent, Hanks, and crissum white with dusky streaks. Hill 

 black ; iris brown. Besides lacking definite head-markings, 9 wants black abdominal area, 

 where the feathers are whitish witli dark lengthwise toudies ; crest dark bmwn, not recurved, 

 and fewer-featlicrcd than that of tlic cock. Toj) of head grayish-brown, nearly uniform from 

 bill to na|)e ; throat giayisli-wiiite with .slight dark pencilling. Chicks, in down: Bill above 

 reddisii, nearly white below; feet dull tlesh-C(dor. Head dingy yellowish, witli a larire brown 

 spot on occiput, a few black, white-streaked feathers on crown, and crest sproutiiiii in a week 

 or two. Upper jiarts grayisii-brown mottled with bhick spots, and conspicuously striped with 



