CHARADRIID/E—CHARADRIIN.E: PLOVER. 



771 



1.00. But such a perfect bird as this rarely seen in the U. S. $ 9 , old, in fall and winter 

 as usually seen in U. S. : Upper parts speckled with grayish. Under parts white or whitisli, 

 anteriorly speckled or mottled vvitli grayish-brown ; axilhiry plumes, however, black (or black- 

 ish), as before, and this is a good color-mark of 

 the species in any plumage, in comparison with 

 the Golden Plover. Birds changing show every 

 mixture of black and white below. J 9 > youug '• 

 Similar to winter adults, but u])per parts speckled 

 with yellowish, as in C. dominicus, most of the 

 feathers having edgings of this color ; less white 

 also on forehead. Feet grayish -blue. Downy 

 young yellowish-drab above, mottled with black, 

 hind neck and under parts white, and 2 or 3 

 black streaks on each side of the head. A 

 large stout Plover, witli big head and a little 

 hind toe, commonly diffused over most parts of 

 the world : in America, breeding in Arctic re- 

 gions, Hocking S. and N. in fall and spriuij, preferably coastwise; common, but less so than 

 C. dominicKft. Eggs 4, iJvriforin, 1 .90-2.10 long X 1.40-1.45 broad; drab or dark brownish 

 clay-cidor, very lieavily marked, es[)ecially on the larger half of the shell, with irregular blotches 

 of brownish-black, smaller spots being more thinly distributed over the rest of the surface; 

 markings about great end usually confluent and wreathy ; a few pale markings iu the shell. 

 (S. helretica <jf most authors, as of all former editions of the Key. Charadrius squaiarola 

 A. 0. U. Lists, 1st and 2d eds. 1880-95, No. 270. Squatarola sqiiatarola A. 0. U. Suppl. 

 List, .Auk, Jan. 1897, p. 12().) 



CHAKA'DRIUS. (Gr. x^P^^P'-'^^y charadrios, Lat. charadrius, a plover.) Golden 

 Plovers. Characters as in Squatarola, but no hind toe. (This is the type-genus of the 

 whole family. The several species are closely related : to our long-known Golden Plover 

 have been added as birds of North America both the Asiatic subspecies fulvus and the Euro- 

 pean species C. apricarius (or j)luvialis) ; the latter from its occurrence in Greenlaml, the 

 former in Alaska. U. S. birds are all C. dominicus — C. virginicus of most authors.) 



Fig. rilO. — Bill and hind toe of Squatarola, nat. 

 size. (Ad. nat. del. E. C.) 



Analysis of Species and Subspecies. 



Lining of wings ashy. 



Length 10.0(»-11.00 ; winp 7.00; tail 3.00; tarsus 1.75 dominicui 



Length 9.00-10.00; wing C.50; tail 2.G0; tarsus 1. Go rf./u/itw 



Lining of winga white apricariut 



C. dominicus. (Lat. dominicus, of St. Domingo. Figs. 521,522.) AMERICAN Golden 

 Plover. Common Plover. Three-toed Plover. Whistling Plover. Alwar- 

 GRiM Plover. Spotted Plover. Field Plover. Green Plover. Green-hack. 

 Bras.s-back. Gkken-iieai). Black-breast. Pale-brea.st. Muddy-belly. Bill- 

 head. Toad-head. IIawk's-eve. Squealer. Pa.sture-bird. Field-bird. Fro.st- 

 BIRD. Tkout-bird. PuAiuiE PiCEOX. ^ 9 . •" suMimer : Upper jiarts blackish, every- 

 where spangled with golden-yellow, and mostly also with white, the brighter C( dor in e.vce.ss, 

 the markings of individual feathers a tipping and one or several paired scallops. Hind neck 

 less strongly marked than crown or \y.u-\i. Forehead, ;iud long stripe over eye, snowy- 

 white. Region immediately iironnd bill, sides of head to include eyes, and entire nn.ler 

 parts, glossy brownish-blatdv. Lining of tcings, and axillars, sootg-grag or ajilig (neither 

 black nor white). Tail dusky grayish-brown, with numerous irreguhir pale gray l'ai>. and 

 reddish-brown sh.ifts: upper tail-coverts and rump like back. Primaries fuscous. Idackeu- 



