SCOLOPACID.E : SAXDPTPERS. 815 



long, slender, slightly margined, middle with its claw about equal to tarsus. Adult ^ 9 , in 

 breeding plumage : Entire upper parts very dark brownish-black, deeper on rump and lighter 

 on neck behind, feathers bordered and tipped with light reddish-yellow ; on scapulars the tips 

 broader and nearly jnire white, and the margins brigliter, making several deep indentations 

 toward shaft. Upper cail-cuverts long, extending to within 0.50 of tips of central tail-feathers, 

 fuscous (sometimes buff-tipped), except outer series, which are white with dusky nuirkings. 

 Central tail-feathers brownish-black, rest successively lighter, and all with a narrow border 

 of white. Jugulum with a very decided light brownish suffusion, with rounded obsolete spots 

 and streaks of dusky. Throat and under parts generally white, immaculate. Bill, legs, and 

 feet black. Young in August : Dimensions and proportions as in adult. Upper parts a nearly 

 uniform light ashy-brown, deeper on rump, each feather with a central dark field and with a 

 light edge, these whitish edgings usually conspicuous. Traces of the brownish -black of the 

 adult on scapulars. Breast and jugulum with the suffusi(m very light reddish-brown, the 

 streaks sparse and very indistinct. Length 7.00-7.50; extent 15.25-16.50 ; wing 4.50-4.80; 

 tail 2.25; bill, tarsus, and middle toe with claw, about 0.87. Colors much as in minutilla; 

 edgings of upper plumage rather tawny than chestnut; jugular suffusion pale, rather fulvous, 

 the streaks small and sparse, sometimes almost obsolete. Size of fuscicollis, but not easy to 

 confound with that white-rumped species. N. and S. Am. ; a few records for the Pacific coast, 

 rare on the Atlantic coast, common in the interior; the most abundant small Sandpiper in 

 some parts of the West, during migrations ; S. iu winter to Peru and Chili. Breeds in Arctic 

 and subarctic regions, Alaska, Barren Grounds, etc. Eggs 3-4, 1.30 X 0.92, clay-colored, 

 grayer or more buffy in different specimens, spotted with rich umber and chocolate-browns of 

 varying shades ; in some cases the markings fine and innumerable, in others massed at the 

 greater end, sometimes with black tracery also ; pale sliell-spots usually evident. June, July. 

 A. macula' ta. (Lat. maciilata, spotted.) Pectoral Sandpiper. Grass-snipe. Jack- 

 snipe. Grass-bird. Meadow Snipe. Cow-snipe. Brown-back. Broavnie. Dowitch. 

 Triddler. Hay-bird. Fat-bird. Short-neck. Squat-snipe. Squatter. "Creaker" 

 or Krieker (i. e. German Kriecher, one who squats, crouches, or cringes.) Bill a little longer 

 tlian head, moderately stout, straight or very lightly decurved, the tip more expanded and 

 punctulate than in type of the genus. Grooves in both mandibles long and deep. Wings 

 long, pointed, 1st primary decidedly longest; inner secondaries very long, narrow, an<l fiuw- 

 ing. Tarsus equal to middle toe, both about equal to bill. Tail ratlier long, deeply doubly- 

 eraarginate, central feathers pointed and greatly projecting. Adult <J 9 in spring : An 

 ill-defined white line over eye, and a more distinct one of dusky between eye and bill. Cn»wu 

 streaked with brownish-black and light chestnut, conspicuously different from neck behind, 

 which is streaked with dusky and liglit ochreous. Upper parts generally brownisli-black, 

 every fcatlier edged witli asliy or dark chestnut-red, brightest on scapulars, tijis usually lighter, 

 and margius never making deep indentations toward shaft. Rump and upper tail-coverts 

 bhicU, buff-tipped ; outer series of the latter white, with sagittate spots of dusky. Primaries 

 deep dusky, almost black, tlie shaft of the first white, of the others brown. Secondaries and 

 greater coverts dusky, edged and tipped witli white. Lesser coverts dusky, fading into light 

 grayish-ash (m edges. Central tail-feathers brownish-black, lighter on edges, the lateral liglit 

 ashy, margined with white. Jugulum and breast witli a heavy wash of ashy-brown, and with 

 numerous well-defined streaks of dusky ; tlie suffusion extending on sides under wings to 

 some distance, wliere the dusky streaks are mostly shaft-lines. Chin, upper throat, and under 

 parts generally, white, immaculate. Bill and feet dusky-greenish. Young in Septcmlier : 

 Edges of feathers of upper parts generally, and of inner secondaries and central tail-feathers, 

 light bright chestnut, and the tips pure white. Lesser wing-coverts broadly edgetl and tipped 

 with liglit ferruginous. Suffusion on breast and jugulum with a yellowish ochreous tinge not 

 seen in ;idiilt, and streaks less distinct. Other parts as in adult. Not known to have a plain 



