ANA TID/E — CYGNINM: SWANS. 



895 



term Olor is used for a divisi<m which does not contain the species C. olor is confusing, and 

 would be obviated if we took from Bartram, 1791, the generic name Cygniis, with our com- 

 inon Swan as its type. 



Analysis of Species. 



Tail of 24 feathers (uormally). Bill always entirely black, rather longer than head, with nostrils situated fairly in 

 its basal half ' buccinator 



Tail of 20 feathers (normally). Bill usually with a small yellow spot not reaching nostrils, scarcely or not longer 

 than head, nostrils at the middle columbianus 



Tail of 20 feathers (normally). Bill with a great yellow space extending beyond nostrils, scarcely or not longer than 

 head, nostrils at the middle cygnus 



C. buccina'tor. (Lat. buccinator, a trumpeter; buccina, a trumpet; bucca, the cheek. 

 Fig. 625.) Trumpeter Swan. Adult ^ ? : Plumage white, with or without wash of rusty 

 on head. Bill and feet entirely black ; iris brown. Bill more developed in the terminal por- 

 tion than that of columbianus, throwing nostrils fairly within basal half, and making distance 

 from anterior angle of eye to hind edge of nostril not greater than distance thence to end of 

 bill. Tail-feathers normally 24. Largest: Length 5 feet or more when full grown; extent 

 8 feet or more; wing about 2 feet or rather more; tail 8-9 inches. Bill about 4.50 inches 

 along culmcn, from eye to tip nearly 6.00; tarsus 4.50-5.00; middle toe and claw 5.50-6.50. 

 Young smaller; bill and feet not perfectly black; plumage irrayish, the head and upper neck 

 rusty-brown. Eggs 2-7, white or whitish, about 4.50 X 3.00. The trachea is more convo- 

 luted in the sternum ^^_^ ^^ 



than that of columbi- ^^^^^^ ^i, "^ ' ^ ' ."■ 



anws, having a vertical ^^^^ "^^^^^ ^^^^M / ,'*-/// 



bend besides the hori- 3^;^ ^ i*^^^^^^^^*^,^, " , ' '''''i , , 



zontal one; and the _" 5 'ji jif^ikM^*^^^^^- "^ 



bone which contains ^ "* '■ 



the convolutions is 

 ■correspondingly more /■ 



bulbous. This mag- [ '/ ' ' " ^ffil -^'-^/^ -' 



uificent Swan chieHy \ li^/. ^S^ vamtJ 



inhabits interior North ^ X^ 



America from the Mis- 

 sissippi valley west- 

 ward ; N. to the Fur 



countries ; Great ^^- ^^^s^^^jj^J^^ ^ 



Lakes; Hudson's Bay; 

 Ontario; casual on 



Atlantic coast. Breeds 



N. from Wyoming ami 



Fio. tVJt;. — WliistliuR Swan. ( Kruiii Li^ua , 



the Dakotas ; winters 



from Washington to Arizona, Gulf of Mexico and southern California. It was discovered in 1805-6 

 on the Columbia Kiver by Lewis and Clark, wlio described it as distinct from the counuou Swan 

 (orig. ed. 1814 ; see my ed. of 1893, p. 885) ; but it was not technically named till 1831 : C. buc- 

 cinator KiCH. ; Olor buccinator Wa(;l. 1832; A. O. U. Lists, No. 181. 

 C. columbianus. (Of the C(dumbia River. Fig. 626.) Common American Swan. 

 WiiisTLiNO Swan. Adult ^ 9: Plumage as before. Bill with a yeUow spot or blotch in 

 front of eye, usually small, sometimes wanting; feet black; iris brown. Bill less lengthened 

 and expanded lerminally than w buccinator : nostrils i)laced across its middle; distance from 

 anterior angle of eye to hind edge of nostril more than thence to end of bill. Tail-feathers 

 uormally 20. Length under 5 feet (about 44); extent (» or 7 feet ; wing under 2 feel (about 

 21.00-22.00 inches); tail 7.00-8. 00; hill about 4.00 along ctilmen ; iVom eye to tip of bill 



