934 



SYSTEiMA TIC SYNOPSIS. —LAMELLIROSTRES — ANSERES. 



CAMPTOL^'E'MUS. (Gr. KayLirros, Tcamptos, flexible; XaifjLos, laimos, throat; referriDg to 

 leathery expausiou of bill) Pied Duck. Bill nearly as long as head, longer than tarsus, 

 not higher than broad at base, nearly parallel-sided, but widened toward end by a leathery 

 expansion of edge of upper mandible ; nail distinct. Teeth of upper mandible slight, oblique ; 

 of under mandible very prominent, vertical. Frontal angles slight. Nostrils high up in basal 

 third of bill. Cheek-featliers stilfish and bristly, with enlarged horny ends, extending on side 

 of upper mandible in moderately convex outline, to about opposite those of chin. Wings short, 

 vaulted, with curved primaries, 1st and 2d subequal and longest ; inner secondaries long and 

 tapering. Tail short, about f the wing, 14-feathered. Coloration of ^ black and white ; 9 

 brown, gray, and white. One remarkable species, related in some degree to Eiders, lately be- 

 come extinct. (A. O. U. has Camptolaimus, after the original misspelling.) 

 C. labrado'rius. (Of Labrador. Fig. 654.) Labrador Duck. Pied Duck. Adult <?: 

 Bill black, orange at base and along edges, grayish-blue along ridge ; iris reddish-brown ; feet 



grayish-blue, with dusky webs 

 and claws. Head and upper neck 

 white, with a longitudinal black 

 stripe on crown and nape; stiff 

 feathers of cheeks obscured. 

 Neck below ringed with black 

 continuous with that of upper 

 parts, then half-collared with 

 white continuous with that of 

 scapulars. Below, from this 

 white, entirely black, excepting 

 white axillars and lining of wings. 

 Above black, except as said; 

 wing - coverts and secondaries 

 white, some of the latter mar- 

 gined with black ; some of the 

 long scapulars pearly-gray ; pri- 

 maries and their coverts and tail- 

 feathers brownish -black. Adult 

 9 : Bill, eyes, and feet as in ^ ; 

 several secondaries white, forming 

 a speculum, but no white on wing- 

 coverts or scapulars ; axillars and 

 lining of wings mostly white ; inner secondaries edged with black ; general color dappled brown- 

 ish-gray, paler and more ashy or plumbeous on wing-coverts and inner secondaries. Young ^ 

 most like 9> but more white on throat, fore breast, and wing-coverts. Length 18.0U-20.00; 

 extent about 30.00; wing about 9.00; tail 3.50; tarsus 1.50; middle toe and claw 2.50; bill 

 along culmen 1.75, along gape 2.25. Former range, as far as known, Labrador to New Eng- 

 land, New York, New Jersey, along the coast, and inland to some parts of the Great Lake 

 region; known to have lived to 1875, and believed to have been exterminated since that date. 

 In 2d edition of Key, 1884, I said, " extremely rare now, and probably in a fair way to become 

 extinct " — a prediction which now appears to have been ex post facto. See especially Rowley's 

 Orn. Misc. part vi, Jan. 1877, pp. 205-223, list of 33 known specimens; Dutcher, Auk, 

 April, 1891, pp. 201-216, pi. 2; 38 known specimens, 27 in North America, 11 in Europe, 

 with historical and critical notes ; Dutcher, Auk, Jan. 1894, pp. 4-12 ; total known speci- 

 mens 41, 29 in North America, with further historical data, criticism of statements in Newton's 

 Diet. pp. 221-223 (reply ibid. p. 736), and insistence upon date of 1875 as authentic, being 



Fio. Go4. —Labrador Duck. (From Eucy. Brit.) 



