PROCELLARIID.E — FULMARIN.E : FULMARS, ETC. 1027 



Analysis of Subfamilies. 



Large: length over 10.00 ; wing over 7.00 ; 1st primary not shorter than 2d. (Basipterygoids.) 



Fulmars, etc. Under mandible not hooked at end Fulmarince 



Shearwaters, etc. Under mandible hooked at end PuffinincB 



Small : length 10.00 or less ; wing 7.00 or less ; 1st primary shorter than 2d. (No basipterygoids.) 



Stormy Petrels, short-legged, with secondaries more than 10 Proceltariin(E 



Stormy Petrels, long-legged, with secondaries only 10 OceanilincB 



Analysis of North American Genera, without special reference to S>ibfamilies. 

 Fulmars, with prominent nasal tube, vertically truncate and witli thin partition ; under mandible not hooked at end. 



(FULMAHIN.E.) 



Tail 16-feathered. Length about 3().00 Ossifraga 



Tail 14-feathered. Length 15.00-20.00. 



Bill very stout, much shorter than tarsus, not lamellate. Gull-like Fiilmarus 



Bill slenderer, little shorter than tarsus, not lamellate. Gull-like Priocella 



Bill dilated, lamellate. Not Gull-like. Plumage checkered above Daption 



Petrels, with nasal tubes as before ; bill stout, under mandible hooked. Tail 12-feathered. Length 10 00-10.00. 



(PUFFININ.*:. ) 



Plumage dark above, white below (Estre.lata 



Plumage entirely fuliginous Bulweria 



Shearwaters, with nasal tubes variable ; bill slender, under mandible hooked. Tail 12-feathered. Length 10.50-20.00. 



(PUFFININ*. ) 



Nasal tube somewhat as in Fulmars ; under tail-coverts blackish Priofinus 



Nasal tube short, broad, low, obliquely bevelled off, with thick partition Puffinus 



Stormy Petrels, with nasal tube and bill variable. Length under 10.00. 



Claws hooked, acute ; tarsus little if any longer than middle toe and claw ; secondaries more than 10. (Pbo- 



CBLLARIINJE. ) 



Tail cuneate. Color uniform fuliginous Halocyplena 



Tail nearly square. Color fuliginous, with white upper tail-coverts Procellaria 



Tail forked. Color fuliginous, or dark with white Gceanodroma 



Claws flat, obtuse ; tarsus much longer than middle toe and claw ; secondaries only 10. (Ocbanitin.e.) 



Color fuliginous ; upper tail-coverts white ; webs yellow Oceanites 



Color dark, the under parts white ; webs black Fregetla 



Color largely white ; webs yellow Pelagodroma 



Subfamily FULMARIN/E : Fulmars, etc. 



Nasal tube prominent, vertically truncate and usually emargiuate at end, with short thin 

 partition between openings of the nostrils. End of under mandilde not sharing the hooking of 

 the upper mandible ; gonys short, ascending, with straight or scarcely concave under outline 

 (much as in Gulls). Bill otherwise variable in size and shape, but stout or very stout, with a 

 tendency at least to lateral expansion and formation of a series of striae or lamellje on inside of 

 edge of upper mandible. This last character is obsolete in the true Fulmars (Fulmarus and 

 Priocella) ; but evident in Daption, and carried to such an e.Ktreme in tlie e.Kotic genus Prion 

 that the bill is as decidedly lamcllirostral as that of a Duck or Goose. No such formation 

 exists in other Petrels, and Salvin makes it the distinction between his two subfamilies Fulma- 

 rince and Piiffinince of his family Puffinidce. Skull with basipterygoid processes; furcula with 

 short liyj)och'idium ; sternum with uneven hind border; coracoids .short, with broad bases and 

 widely divcrircnt axes. (Salvin.) 



The Fnlmari)ifc as here defined correspond to the two sections Fuhnarea; and Prioneer of 

 my early paj>eis (lri(>()), which seem to bo connected by the genus Daption; and this last 

 genus probably affcjrds also a link between the Petrel family and the PelecanoididfC. The true 

 Fulmars are decidedly Gull-like birds in general as|)cct and coloration. The saw-billed group 

 ui Fulmar in(C consists of the exotic genera P;- ton, with dilated bill and numerous highly devel- 

 oped .serrations; Pscudoprion, with narrower bill and fewer serrations; luid HalohfOia, with 

 hill much as in Pseiidoprion, but tail s(|uare (it is graduated in the other two genera, and of 

 Iti feathers in all three). The 4 Nt)rth American forms o'i Fulmarincc .wt} readily distinguished 

 by the following 



