ALCWyE — PHALERIDIN^: AUKLETS, ETC. 1075 



0.20. Winter: Upper parts darker, the plumbeous obscured by dusky, especially on win"- 

 and tail-coverts and rump. Forehead, crown, and nape sooty-black, not relieved by white 

 streaks, or only with traces of the latter ; eyelids sometimes largely white. No black on 

 throat, only some dusky mottling about base of bill; white of under parts extending on head 

 nearly to eyes, and far around on sides of nape, so that only a narrow median line is left dark. 

 Sides of body under wings merely dusky, not continuous over the flanks, where the feathers are 

 partly white, and scarcely advancing in front of wings. The seasonal plumages, or those de- 

 j)endent upon age, not fully traced ; but clarity of the ash, intensity of the black, and dis- 

 tinctness of the white striping, indicate the more perfect feathering, and conversely. North 

 Pacific, both Asiatic and American, S. in winter to Japan and the U. S. (Monterey Bay), 

 breeding from Sitka northward. Accidental once in Wisconsin. Eggs buflFy with small mark- 

 ings of brown and lavender- gray, 2.40 X 1-50. {Aha antiqua Gm. 1788. Uria senicula 

 Pall. 1811. Mergulus cirrocephalus ViG. 1839. Uria antiqua Aud. 18.39, folio pi. 402, 

 fig. 1 ; 1844, 8vo pi. 470, fig. 1 (not fig. 2 of these plates, which is Brachyrhamphua breviros- 

 tris). Brachyramphus (Synthliboramphus) antiquua Brandt, 18.37. B. hrachypterus Branot, 

 1837, as correctly given in original edition of Key, 1872, p. 344; but queried as distinct in 

 2d-4th eds. p. 814. Uria cana Kittlitz. 1858. 



(Subgenus Rhamphosynthlip.si.s.) 



S. (R.) umizu'sume. (Japanese name, of uncertain orthography and pronunciation, also 

 written wumizusume, wunnizusume, etc. Fig. 735.) Japanese Murkelet. Temminck's 

 MuRRELET. Bill more elongate and acute than in the type of genus, less compressed, not so 

 deep for its length ; yellow, with black ridge ; feet livid-bluish, with dusky webs ; iris dark 

 brown. A large crest, of a dozen (more or fewer) feathers springing from extreme forehead, 

 not recurved, but drooping backward over occiput. A conspicuous series of white feathers on 

 «ach side of head, from origin of crest over eye to 

 nape, where more or less confluent with those of 

 opposite side, and then dispersed in streaks over 

 sides of neck to shoulders. Rest of head, includ- 

 ing throat, sooty or ashy-blackish, this color ex- 

 tending as far as interscapulars, whence upper 

 parts more plumbeous, only darker on wings and 

 tail. Sides under wings plumbeous-black to flanks, 



this color advancing in front of wings and continu- 



.,, ", . , It IT.. ^"'- "35- — Japanese Muirelet, nat. size. 



OU3 With that on sides oi neck and head. L<ining 



f)f wintrs white, except some dark mottling along edge; bases of primaries and most of inner 

 webs white, shading through gray to dusky tips. Whole under parts white, except as said. 

 Length 10. 50-11. 0(J; extent 18.00-18.50; wing 5.50; tail 1.75; tarsus 1.00; middle toe and 

 claw 1.25; outer 1.20; inner 1.00; bill along culmen 1.00; gape 1.10; gonys 0.40; height or 

 width at base 0.25-0.30. Younger: No crest; bill obscured; little or no trace of white about 

 head, which is du.sky-plumbeous ; other upper parts similar, the back lighter; white of under 

 parts extending to bill and far around on sides of neck. There is much variation in different 

 specimens, the full significance of which remains to be determined; but the species is un- 

 mistakable. Japan. Questionably American; excluded from A. O. U. Check-List, 1895, 

 though given in 1886. (On this question, still open, see Pr. U. S. Nat. Mas. 1885, p. 524.) 

 BRACHYRIIAM'PHUS. (Gr. ^paxvt, brachus, short; pdfi(f>ot, hramphos, beak.) Peaked- 

 NoSEi* Mlrkekkls. Approaching (Jepphus in generic character. Bill small, slender, nmch 

 shorter than head, not longer than tarsus, compressed, very acute ; culmen gently curved, rictus 

 aud gonys straight, tomia of upper mandible inflecte<'. toward base, notched near tip. Nasal 



