LIFE HISTORIES OF NORTH AMERICAN GULLS AND TERNS. 299 



Spring migration. — A few birds migrate up the Atlantic coast and 

 across the Great Lakes to the interior. Transient dates: Maryland, 

 May 17 to 30; Pennsylvania, Erie, April 27; New York, Carmel, 

 April 9; Massachusetts, Framingham, June 20; New Hampshire, 

 Lake Winnipesaukee, June 10. The main flight is northward 

 through the interior. Early dates of arrival : Missouri, St. Louis, 

 April 29 ; Iowa, Floyd County, March 28 ; Wisconsin, May ville, March 

 22 ; Minnesota, Heron Lake, May 1 ; Manitoba, Oak Lake, May 17 ; 

 Great Slave Lake, Fort Resolution, June 5. 



Fall migration. — Eastward, at irregular intervals, to the Atlantic 

 coast from Nova Scotia southward and then down the coast to its 

 winter range. Transient dates: Prince Edward Island, September 

 13; Nova Scotia, Sable Island, September 9; Massachusetts, August 

 7 to September 26 ; New Jersey, August 4 to October 20 ; North Caro- 

 lina, July 28 to September 23 ; Florida, Tarpon Springs, September 

 15. Transient dates for the interior : Nebraska, August 8 to October 

 15; Kansas, July 25 to September 14; Missouri, up to October 21. 

 Pacific coast dates : British Cohimbia, Sumas, up to September 1 ; 

 AVashington, Bellingham Bay, up to August 26; California, Point 

 Pinos, August 2 to September 23; Lower California, San Jose del 

 Cabo, September 6 and 7, and Cape San Lucas, September 16; Mexico, 

 Mazatlan, arrives in October. 



Casual records. — Accidental in Bermuda (October, 1876). The 

 more northern Atlantic coast records might be classed as casual. 



Egg dates. — Minnesota and North Dakota : Thirty-six records. 

 May 25 to August 4; eighteen records, June 5 to 13. California: 

 Twenty-six records. May 11 to July 2; thirteen records, May 19 to 

 June 8. Illinois and Iowa : Twenty- four records. May 11 to July 28 ; 

 twelve records, June 6 to 18. Manitoba and Saskatchewan: Nine- 

 teen records, May 28 to July 5 ; ten records, June 6 to 14. 



CHLIDONIAS LEUCOPTERA (Temminck). 

 WHITE-WINGED BLACK TERN. 



HABITS. 



The following quotation from Kumlien and Ilollister (1903) con- 

 tains all we know of this beautiful Old World species as a bird of 

 the North American Continent: 



The only known instance of the occurrence of this species on the Western 

 Continent is that of a breeding female shot by L. Kumlien in a large marsh near 

 IJlack Hawk Island, Lake Koshkonong, July 5, 1873. The specimen was sent 

 freshly skinned to Doctor Brewer and was presented by him to the T^nited 

 States National Museum. The partially denuded abdomen and well-formed 

 ova prove that it would have bred, whether with its own kind or with the 

 common species we know not, as no others were seen at the time nor since. 



