170 BULLETIN 10 0, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM 



Astrolabe et Zelee, Zool., vol. 3, 1853, p. 43, pi. 3, fig. 4 (type). — Fowler,. 

 Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 190G, p. 512 (part). 



Dules malo Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., vol.7, 1831, p. 479 (type). — 

 Gunther, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., vol. 1, 1859, p. 270 (copied).— Gil- 

 christ, Marine Invest. South Africa, vol. 1, 1902, p. 705 (compiled). 



Kuhlia malo Boulenger, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., vol. 1, 1895, p. 40 (South 

 Africa; Viti Levu; Tahiti). — Jordan and Evermann, Bull. U. S. Fish. 

 Comm., vol. 23, pt. 1, 1903 (1905), p. 207 (part).— Seale and Bean, Proc. 

 U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 33, 1907, p. 242 (Zamboanga). — Fowler, Proc. Acad. 

 Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 1907, p. 264 (name only). — Kendall and Golds- 

 borough, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool., vol. 26, 1911, p. 280, pi. 2, fig. 2 (Tip- 

 aerui River, Papeite, Society Islands). — Boulenger, Cat. Fresh Water 

 Fishes Africa, vol. 3, 1915, p. 96, fig. 78 (South Africa). — Barnard, Ann. 

 South Afric. Mus., vol. 21, 1927, p. 496 (South African Seas). — Herre and 

 Montalban, Philippine Journ. Sci., vol. 33, No. 2, June, 1927, p. 202 

 (compiled). 



Dules maculatus Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., vol. 7, 1831, p. 475. 

 Celebes. 



Kuhlia maculala Kendall and Goldsborough, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool., 

 vol. 26, 1911, p. 281, pi. 3, fig. 1 (Kusaie, Carolines). 



Dules leuciscus Jenyns, Voy. Beagle, Zool., 1842, p. 17. River Matuvui, 

 Tahiti. 



Moronopsis ciliatus (not Perca ciliata Cuvier) Bleeker, Atlas Ichth. Ind, 

 Neerland., vol, 7, 1873-76, p. 120, pi. (38) 316, fig. 1, pi. (46) 324, 

 fig. 2 (Java, Bali, Sumatra, Nias, Celebes, Batjan, Buru, Amboina, Ceram). 



Dules papuensis Macleay, Proc. Linn. Soc. New South Wales, vol. 8, 1883, 

 p. 257. Goldie River in fresh water, New Guinea. 



Depth 2% to 2%; head 2% to 3, width 2y 8 to 2\i. Snout 2>% 

 to 4 in head from upper jaw tip; eye 2% to 3j^, greater than snout 

 or interorbital; maxillary reaches x /$ in eye, expansion 3 to 3}^ in 

 eye, length 2 Y /i to 2)4. in head from snout tip; teeth fine, villiform, 

 in broad bands in jaws, narrower ones on vomer and palatines, none 

 on tongue; interorbital 33^ to 3%, broadly convex; lower preorbital 

 and preopercle edges denticulate and preopercle flange with striae. 

 Gill rakers 9 + 18, lanceolate, slender, twice long as gill filaments or 

 1^4 in eye. 



Scales 38 to 40 in lateral line to caudal base and 4 or 5 more on 

 latter; 6 scales above lateral line, 9 below, 11 or 12 predorsal, 5 rows 

 across cheek to preopercle ridge and flange scaleless; caudal base 

 largely covered with small scales and dorsals and anals with basal 

 scaly sheaths. Scales with 10 to 12 marginal basal striae, mostly 

 radiating, often with 1 to 3 incomplete auxiliaries; 54 to 58 apical 

 denticles, with 8 or 9 transverse series of basal elements; circuli fine. 



D. X, 11, 1, or 12, 1, fifth spine 1% to 2 in total head length, sec- 

 ond ray \% to 1%; A. Ill, 12, 1, third spine 2% to 2 M> first ray \% 

 to 1%; least depth of caudal peduncle 2% to 2%; caudal l 1 ^ to 1K>' 

 pectoral 1% to \%; ventral 1% to 1%. 



Back light brown, lower surfaces paler to whitish, whole body with 

 silvery white sheen. Upper surfaces of body or sides above marked 

 with many large deep brown spots, which also extend on soft vertical 



