180 BULLETIN 10 0, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM 



Sitz. Ber. Akad. Wiss. Wien, vol. 80, pt. 1, 1879, p. 343 (Endeavour 

 River, Queensland). — Macleay, Proc. Linn. Soc. New South Wales, vol. 

 5, 1S80, p. 307 (North Australia).— Day, Fauna Brit, India, vol. 1, 1889, 

 p. 440 (Madras).— Kent, Great Barrier Reef, 1893, pp. 281, 369 (Queens- 

 land). — Weber, Semon's Zool. Forsch. Reis. Austral., vol. 5, 1895, p. 622 

 (Thursday Island, Queensland). — Elera, Cat. Fauna Filip., vol. 1, 1895, 

 p. 457 (Luzon, Calayan, Marinduque, Samar). — Jordan and Evermann, 

 Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 25, 1903, p. 340 (Formosa). — Pellegrin, 

 Bull. Soc. Zool. France, vol. 30, 1905, p. 83 (Baie d' Along, Tonkin).— 

 Evermann and Seale, Bull. Bur. Fisher., vol. 26, 1906 (1907), p. 78 

 (Bulan). — Seale, Philippine Journ. Sci., vol. 5, No. 4, 1910, p. 275 

 (Sandakan, Borneo). — Weber, Siboga Exp., vol. 57, Fische, 1913, p. 215 

 (Makassar; Tual; Pepela Bay, Rotti). — McCulloch, Rec. West Aus- 

 tral. Mus., vol. 1, pt. 2, 1912, p. 215 (Port Hedland). — Fowler, Copeia, 

 No. 58, June 18, 1918, p. 63 (Philippines).— Tan aka, Fig. Descr. Fishes 

 Japan, vol. 32, July 1, 1922, p. 602, pi. 147, fig. 407 (Kochi).— Fowler, 

 Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 1927, p. 274 (Philippines); Mem. 

 Bishop Mus., vol. 10, 1928, p. 171 (compiled). 



Psammoperca vaigiensis Boulenger, Cat. Fishes Brit. Mus., vol. 1, 1895, 

 p. 365 (Victoria River, Australia, Hammond Island, Cebu, China Sea, 

 Borneo, Singapore, Madras coast, Ceylon). 



Psammoperca datnioides Richardson, Ichth. Voy. Erebus and Terror, 1846, 

 p. 116, pi. 57, figs. 1-2. Australia. 



Cnidon chinensis Muller and Troschel, Horae Ichth., vol. 3, 1S49, p. 21. 

 Manila. — Gunther, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., vol. 1, 1S59, p. 68 (copied). — 

 Meyer, Anal. Soc. Espan. Hist. Nat,, Madrid, vol. 14, 1885, p. 8 (North 

 Celebes, Manila Bay, Cebu). — Gorgoza, Anal. Soc. Espan. Hist. Nat., 

 Madrid, vol. 17, 1SS8, p. 281 (Manila Bay; Cebu).— Elera, Cat. Fauna 

 Filip., vol. 1, 18Q5, p. 457 (Luzon, Manila, Lingayen, Pangasinan, Cebu). 



Depth 2% to 3y 8 ; head 2% to 2%, width 2% to 2V 5 . Snout 3% 

 to 3% in head from snout tip; eye 4K to § x / 8 , lKo to 13^ in snout, 

 greater than interorbital ; maxillary reaches % to % m e y e > expan- 

 sion 1% to 1%, length 2^5 to 2% in head from snout tip; teeth 

 villiform, in bands in jaws, on vomer, palatines and tongue; inter- 

 orbital 63^8 to 6%, convex; hind preopercle edge denticulate, with 

 strong spine at angle, lower edge entire. Gill rakers 7 + 13, lanceolate, 

 1% in eye; 5 upper and 6 lower rudimentary. 



Scales 43 to 46 in lateral line to caudal base and 13 to 17 more on 

 latter; 5 above, 8 or 9 below, 23 or 24 predorsal, 9 or 10 rows across 

 cheek to preopercle angle; fin bases broadly with fine scales; maxil- 

 lary naked, also muzzle and front of interorbital. Scales with 9 or 

 10 basal radiating striae; 75 to 118 apical denticles, with 6 or 7 

 transverse series; circuli fine. 



D. VII, I, 12, i, third spine V/ 8 to 2 X / Z in total head length, seventh 

 ray V/ 8 to 2; A. Ill, 8, i, third spine 3>£ to 4, fourth ray V/ 8 to 2}U; 

 caudal 1)4 to 13^, convex behind; least depth of caudal peduncle 

 2H to 2Y 2 ', pectoral 2 to 2}/ 8 ; ventral 1% to \%. 



Back brown, below pale or at least under surface usually little 

 lighter in small examples. Fins all uniform brownish. Lateral line 



