FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS AND ADJACENT SEAS 213 



13123. Powati Harbor, Makyan Island, Molucca Passage. November 28, 1909. 



Length 158 mm. 

 13534. Makyan Island. November 29, 1909. Length 114 mm. 

 19026. North West Verde Island. July 22, 1908. Length 135 mm. 

 9957. Doc Can Island, Sulu Sea. January 7, 1910. Length 200 mm. 

 6952. West coast Sabtan Island, China Sea, vicinity Formosa. November 8, 



1908. Length 293 mm. 



CEPH ALOPHOLIS SONNERATI (Valenciennes) 



Serranus sonnerati Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., vol. 2, 1828, p. 299. 

 Pondicherry and Ceylon. — Gunther, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., vol. 1, 1859, 

 p. 122 (Sumatra and Louisiades). — Playfair, Fishes of Zanzibar, 1866, 

 p. 3 (not pi. 3, fig. 1).— Day, Fishes of India, pt. 1, 1875, p. 25, pi. 7, fig. 1 

 (Madras). — Karoli, Termesz. Fiizetek, Budapest, vol. 5, 1882, p. 149 

 (Palaboen, Java). — Day, Fauna Brit. India, vol. 1, 1889, p. 457, fig. 142 

 (east coast of Ceylon and Madras). — Boulenger, Proc. Zool. Soc. 

 London, 1889, p. 238 (Muscat). — Fowler, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila- 

 delphia, 1925, p. 223 (Natal). 



Serranus (Epinephelus) sonneratii Zugmayer, Abh. Bayer. Akad. Wiss., 

 Math.-Phys. Kl., vol. 26, pt. 6, 1913, p. 9 (Oman). 



Epinephelus sonnerati Boulenger, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., vol. 1, 1895, p. 187 

 (Mauritius, Zanzibar, Seychelles, Muscat, Ceylon, Madras, Pelew Islands, 

 Kingsmills, Samoa, Australia). — Steindachner, Denkschr. Akad. Wiss. 

 Wien, Math.-Naturwiss. KL, vol. 71, pt, 1, 1907, p. 124 (Bah Haf, 

 Socotra). — Regan, Ann. Natal Mus., 1908, p. 224 (Durban Bay). — 

 Gilchrist and Thompson, Ann. South Afric. Mus., vol. 6, 1908-10, 

 p. 214 (Durban Museum; Natal). — Weber, Siboga Exp., vol. 57, Fische, 

 1913, p. 199 (Sanguisiapo, Sulu Archipelago; Banda). — Barnard, Ann. 

 South Afric. Mus., vol. 21, 1927, p. 472 (Natal coast; Delagoa Bay). 



Cephalopholis sonnerati Seale and Bean, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 33, 

 1907, p. 243 (Zamboanga). — Fowler and Ball, Bishop Mus. Bull., No. 

 26, 1925, p. 14 (Wake Island).— Fowler, Bishop Mus. Bull., No. 38, 

 1927, p. 13 (Fanning Island); Mem. Bishop Mus., vol. 10, 1928, p. 174 

 (Wake Island and Apiang). 



fLabrus guaza (part) Lacepede, Hist, Nat. Poiss., vol. 3, 1802, p. 501, 

 pi. 27, fig. 1. 



fSerranus zananella Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., vol. 2, 1828, p. 304. 

 Fort Dauphin, Madagascar (on Lacepede). 



fEpinephelus zunanella Bleeker, Nederland. Tijdschr. Dierk., vol. 1, 1S63, 

 p. 344 (Madagascar). 



fSerranus zunanella Elera, Cat. Fauna Filip., vol. 1, 1895, p. 460 (Mindoro, 

 Cebu, Luzon, Cavite). 



Serranus pachy centrum (not Valenciennes) Gunther, Cat. Fish. Brit. 

 Mus., vol. 1, 1859, p. 116 (Ceylon). 



Serranus erythraeus (not Valenciennes) Playfair, Fishes of Zanzibar, 1866, 

 p. 2, pi. 1, fig. 1 (Seychelles). 



Serranus leopardus (part) Gunther, Journ. Mus. Godeffroy, vol. 1, pt. 1, 

 1873, p. 4. 



Epinephelus janthinopter us Bleeker, Verh. Akad. Wet. Amsterdam, vol. 14, 

 No. 2, 1874, p. 40. Macassar, Celebes; Atlas Ichth. Ind. Neerland., vol. 7, 

 1873-76, p. 36 (Celebes); vol. 8, 1876-77, pi. (54) 332, fig. 5. 



Depth 2% to 2% ; head 2% to 2%, width 1 % to 2^. Snout 3M to 

 3% in head from snout tip; eye 6 Hi to 7, \Yi to 2 in snout, slightly 

 greater than interorbital in young to l^j in interorbital with age; 



