FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS AND ADJACENT SEAS 243 



Iris brown. Membrane of spinous dorsal blackish marginally. 

 Pectoral pale brown. Ventral dusky terminally. 



Arabia, India, Ceylon, East Indies, Philippines, China, Melanesia. 



5186. Jolo market, Jolo. March 7, 1908. Length 332 mm. 



18673. Hinunangan Bay, Leyte Island. July 30, 1909. Length 132 mm. (1783). 



One example. Ulugan Bay, Palawan Island. December 29, 1908. Length 94 

 mm. (979). Slaty brown on back, under parts lighter. Below dorsal line 

 of dark greenish brown, extending full length of dorsal. On back and upper 

 side are similar lines, oblique and more or less broken. On head and nape 

 and behind eye are small spots of same color. Spinous dorsal with smoky 

 margin. Soft dorsal clear. Anal clear, similar to color on back but lighter. 

 Caudal same. Pectoral like color of side. Ventral dark smoky. 



SERRANUS MORRHUA Valenciennes 



Serranus morrhua Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., vol. 9, 1833, p. 434. 

 Mauritius. — Gunther, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., vol. 1, 1859, p. 254 (cop- 

 ied). — Klunzinger, Verh. zool. bot. Ges. Wien, vol. 20, 1870, p. 678 (Red 

 Sea). — Day, Fishes of India, pt. 1, 1875, p. 21, pi. 5, fig. 1 (Madras). 



Serranus (Hyposerranus) morrhua Klunzinger, Fische Roth. Meer., 1884, 

 p. 3, pi. 1, fig. 2 (Rosier).— Day, Fauna Brit. India, vol. 1, 1889, p. 453.— 

 Boulenger, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1889, p. 244. 



Serranus (Epinephelus) morrhua Zugmayer, Abh. Bayer. Akad. Wiss. 

 Math.-Phys. KL, vol. 26, pt. 6, 1913, p. 9 (Oman). 



Epinephelus morrhua Sauvage, Hist. Nat. Madagascar, Poiss., 1891, p. 65, 

 pi. 7, fig. 1.— Boulenger, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., vol. 1, 1895, p. 208 (Red 

 Sea, Muscat, Mauritius). — Jordan and Snyder, Annot. Zool. Japon., vol. 



3, 1901, p. 74 (Nagasaki). — Jordan and Richardson, Proc. U. S. Nat. 

 Mus., vol. 37, 1910, p. 454, fig. 11 (Tokyo).— Weber, Siboga Exp., vol. 

 57, 1913, Fische, p. 202 (Bara, Buru Straits). — Jordan and Thompson, 

 Mem. Carnegie Mus., vol. 6, No. 4, 1914, p. 249 (Misaki). — Jordan and 

 Hubbs, Mem. Carnegie Mus., vol. 10, No. 2, 1925, p. 235 (Toba). — 

 Barnard, Ann. South Afric. Mus., vol. 21, 1927, p. 476 (Natal and 

 Zululand coast). 



Serranus poecilonotus Schlegel, Fauna Japon., Poiss., pt. 1, 1842, p. 6, pi. 



4, fig. 1. Nagasaki. — Richardson, Ichth. China, Japan, 1846, p. 233 

 (copied). — Bleeker, Verh. Batav. Genootsch., vol. 26, 1857, No. 4, p. 61 

 (Nagasaki). — Gunther, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., vol. 1, 1859, p. 155 (copied). 



Epinephelus poecilonotus Snyder, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 42, 1912, p. 



414 (Misaki). 

 Serranus angularis (not Cuvier) Gunther, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., vol. 1, 



1859, p. 126 (Mauritius). 

 Serranus radiatus Day, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1867, p. 699. Near Madras. 

 Serranus {Epinephelus) brunneus (not Bloch) Steindachner and Doder- 



lein, Denkschr. Akad. Wiss. Wien, vol. 47, 1883, p. 230, pi. 5, figs. 1-2 



(Japan). 

 Epinephelus latifasciatus (not Schlegel) Jordan and Snyder, Proc. U. S. 



Nat, Mus., vol. 23, 1901, p. 354 (Yokohama). 

 Epinephelus doderleini Franz, Abh. Bayer. Akad. Wiss., Suppl., vol. 1, 1910, 



p. 35. Yokohama, Dzushi. — Tanaka, Figs. Descript. Fishes Japan, vol. 



35, June 20, 1927, p. 654, pi. 153, fig. 423 (Tanahe). 



Depth 3; head 2^, width 2}/£. Snout 2>% in head from snout tip; 

 e ye 5}/2, \% in snout, greater than interorbital; maxillary reaches % 

 in eye, expansion 1%, length 2Xo in head from snout tip; teeth in 



