FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS AND ADJACENT SEAS 249 



basal accessory scales; fine scales cover bases of fins; maxillary with 

 upper half of expansion scaly, forming about 12 transverse rows. 

 Scales with 4 or 5 basal radiating striae; 38 or 39 apical denticles 

 with 10 transverse series; circuli very fine. 



D. XI, 17, i or 18, i, third spine 2% to 3Xo in total head length, 

 first ray 2% to 3K; A. Ill, 8, i, third spine 2% to 4, third ray 2 to 

 2%; caudal 1% to \%, convex behind; least depth of caudal peduncle 

 3% to 3%; pectoral 1% to \%\ ventral 1% to 2>£. 



Brown, little paler on chest, breast and abdomen. Back, sides and 

 head above covered with obscure slightly darker spots, smaller than 

 eye. Dark or blackish line in groove of maxillary above. Young 

 with six slightly inclined transverse darker bands, which extend on 

 vertical fins. Vertical fins of young grayish, with obscure darker 

 blotches. 



Persian Gulf, India, Ceylon, East Indies, Philippines. The nom- 

 inal Epinephelus albimaculatus Seale is evidently simply a color 

 variant described as brownish tinged with green, about 30 rather 

 large, scattered round yellow spots on head and fins slightly darker. 

 The type was 280 mm. This name is preoccupied in Serranus. 



7952. Batangas market. June 7, 1908. Length 195 mm. 



21918. Cebu market. September 1, 1909. Length 77 mm. (1880). 



5263. Dagupan, Luzon Island. March 19, 1908. Length 105 mm. 



5703. Manila market. May 4, 1908. Length 294 mm. 



12102. Manila market. June 11, 1908. Length 197 mm. 



7759, 7760. Manila market. June 17, 1908. Length 157 to 172 mm. 



19423. Sorsogon market. March 12, 1909. Length 128 mm. 



4566, 21536, 21537. Subic Bay. January 7, 1908. Length 23 to 95 mm. 



7819. Ulugan Bay, near mouth of Baheli River, Palawan. December 28, 1908. 



Length 193 mm. 

 5062. Sandakan, Borneo. February 29, 1908, Length 235 mm. 

 20633. Kowloon market, China. September 26, 1908. Length 84 mm. 



SERRANUS FARIO (Thunberg) 



Percafario Thunberg, Kon. Vet. Acad. Nya. Handl., vol. 14, 1793, p. 296, 



pi. 9. Japan. 

 Holocentrusfario Schneider, Syst. Ichth. Bloch, 1801, p. 323 (on Thunberg). 

 Epinephelus far io Jordan and Richardson, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 37, 



1910, p. 451, fig. 9 (Wakanoura; Nagasaki). — Snyder, Proc. U. S. Nat. 



Mus., vol. 42, 1912, p. 413 (Misaki). — Izuka and Matsuura, Cat. Zool. 



Spec. Tokyo Mus., 1920, p. 153 (Kagoshima).— Tanaka, Figs. Descr. 



Fishes Japan, vol. 38, Sept. 1, 1927, p. 726, pi. 162, fig. 451 (Saiki). 

 Holocentrus maculatus Bloch, Naturg. Ausland. Fische, vol. 4, pt. 7, 1790, p. 



96, pi. 242, fig. 3. East Indies. — Walbaum, Artedi Pise, vol. 3, 1792, p. 



646 (on Bloch). — Forster, Fauna Indica, 1795, p. 16. — Schneider, Syst. 



Ichth. Bloch, 1801, p. 315 (East Indies). 

 Serranus maculatus Bleeker, Nat. Tijds. Nederland. Indie, vol. 11, 1856, p. 



398 (Bouro). — Day, Fishes of India, pt. 1, 1875, p. 14, pi. 2, fig. 4 (types 



of Serranus gaimardi); Fauna Brit. India, vol. 1, 1889, p. 447. — Fowler, 



Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 1907, p. 257 (Padang example); 1927, 



p. 275 (Orani; Philippines). 



