FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS AND ADJACENT SEAS 253 



Serranus areolatus (not Forskal) Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., vol. 2, 

 1828, p. 350 (Red Sea).— Peters, Arch. Naturg., 1855, p. 255 (Mozam- 

 bique). — Gunther, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., vol. 1, 1859, p. 149 (Red 

 Sea). — Playfair, Fishes of Zanzibar, 1866, p. 11 (Zanzibar); Proc. 

 Zool. Soc. London, 1867, p. 848 (Seychelles). — Klunzinger, Verh. zool. 

 bot. Ges. Wien, vol. 20, 1870, p. 675 (Red Sea).— Day, Fishes of India, 

 pt. 1, 1875, p. 12, pi. 1, fig. 4; SuppL, 1888, p. 780; Fauna Brit. India, 

 vol. 1, 1889, p. 445. 



Epinephelus areolatus Sauvage, Hist. Nat. Madagascar, Poiss., 1891, p. 74. 



Serranus waandersii Bleeker, Nat. Tijds. Nederland. Indie, vol. 17, 1858- 

 59, p. 152. Boleling, Bali. 



Serranus wandersi Pearson, Rep. Marine Biol. Ceylon, 1912-13, pt. 4, p. 

 E13 (Cheval Paar Group). 



Epinephelus waandersii Bleeker, Atlas Ichth. Ind. Nderland., vol. 7, 1873- 

 76, p. 47, pi. (3) 281, fig. 1 (Bali). 



Serranus geoffroyi Klunzinger, Verh. zool. bot. Ges. Wien, vol. 20, 1870, p. 

 675. Red Sea. — Boulenger, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1887, p. 654 

 (Muscat, Arabia). 



Serranus (Hyposerranus) geoffroyi Klunzinger, Fische Roth. Meer., 1884, 

 p. 3. 



Serranus celebicus var. multipunctatus Kossman and Rauber, Zool. Ergebn. 

 Reise Roth. Meer., 1877, p. 6. Red Sea. 



Serranus assabensis Giglioli, Ann. Mus. Civ. Stor. Nat. Genova, ser. 2, vol. 

 6, 1888, p. 68. Assam. 



Depth 2 7 /i', head 2%, width 3. Snout 3% in head from snout tip; 

 eye 7^, 2}/g in snout, 134 m interorbital; maxillary reaches opposite 

 eye center, expansion nearly equals eye, length 2Ko in head from snout 

 tip; teeth very fine, in narrow bands in jaws, three or four series in 

 front of mandible narrowing to two series laterally; pair of small 

 canines in front of each jaw, some double; narrow band of fine teeth 

 on vomer and each palatine; interorbital 6, convex; hind preopercle 

 edge minutely dentate, two large serrae at angle; median opercular 

 spine little near lower and upper most advanced. Gill rakers 10 + 21, 

 lanceolate, greatly longer than gill filaments and slightly longer 

 than eye. 



Scales 104 in lateral line to caudal base and 10? more on latter; 

 tubes 53 in lateral line to caudal base and 3 more on latter; 20 scales 

 above lateral line, 33 below, 68 predorsal, 36 rows across cheek; body 

 scales all with numerous, fine or small auxiliary basal scales; fins all 

 more or less finely scaled basally; maxillary with upper half scaly, 

 scales in 16 transverse rows. 



D. XI, 17, i, third spine 33/g in total head length, first ray 3; A. 

 Ill, 8, i, third spine 4}-^, fifth ray \%; caudal 1%, slightly emargi- 

 nate and truncate as expanded; least depth of caudal peduncle 3}^; 

 pectoral 2; ventral 2J/8- 



Brown generally, marked with very numerous close set darker 

 brown round spots, all greater than pale interspaces. All fins spotted 

 like body. 



