302 BULLETIN 10 0, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM 



Aylopon Rafinesque, Carrat. Nuov. Anim. Sicil., 1810, p. 52. Type Labrus 



anthias Linnaeus. Aylopon Rafinesque proposed to replace Anthias 



Bloch, supposed to be preoccupied. 

 Pronotogrammus Gill, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 1863, p. 80. Type 



Pronotogrammus multifasciatus Gill, monotypic. 

 Pseudanthias Bleeker, Nat. Tijds. Dierk., vol. 4, 1874, p. 156. Type Anthias 



pleurotaemia Bleeker, orthotypic. 

 Sacura Jordan and Richardson, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 37, 1910, p. 468. 



Type Anthias margaritaceus Hilgendorf, monotypic. 

 Franzia Jordan and Thompson, Mem. Carnegie Mus., vol. 6, No. 4, 1914, 



p. 251. Type Anthias nobilis Franz, orthotypic. 



Body greatly compressed. Mouth large, protractile. Maxillary 

 exposed, without supplemental bone. Jaws with villiform teeth, 

 intermixed with curved canines; small group of teeth on vomer and 

 narrow row on each palatine; tongue smooth or with few teeth. 

 Preopercle serrated, without antrose teeth on lower edge. Opercle 

 with 2 or 3 spines. Gill membranes separate. Pseudobranchiae 

 present. Gill rakers very long, slender, close set. Branchiostegals 

 7. Vertebrae 25 or 26, of which 15 or 16 caudal. Scales moderate 

 or rather large, ciliated or smooth. Head partly or entirely scaled. 

 Dorsals and anals more or less scaly. Lateral line single, complete, 

 tube straight or with ascending tubule extending along nearly entire 

 scale. Dorsal with 10 spines, rays 14 to 18, spinous fin variably 

 longer or shorter than soft fin, fins undivided by notch. Anal short, 

 with 3 spines and 6 to 8 rays. Caudal emarginate. Pectoral rays 17 

 or 18, fin pointed, subsymmetrical. Ventral with strong spine, below 

 pectoral, fins close together. 



Usually small fishes, dainty and brilliant, living in tropical and 

 subtropical seas. 



ANALYSIS OF THE SPECIES 



a 1 . Third dorsal spine prolonged in filament, at least in adult; caudal deeply 

 emarginate. 

 b 1 . One or 2 white lines from lower eye edge continued back and below pectoral 



base and parallel along lower side of tail pleurotaenia 



b 2 . Broad white band from lower eye edge out on pectoral base_.squamipin.nis 

 a 2 . Third dorsal spine not prolonged in filament with age; narrow pale line from 

 eye to pectoral base; caudal little emarginate. 

 c 1 . Caudal truncate, ends little pointed; depth less than 3, no whitish lateral 



band cichlops 



c 2 . Caudal very concave; depth more than 3; diffuse whitish lateral band. 



albofasciatus 



ANTHIAS PLEUROTAENIA Bleeker 



Anthias pleurotaenia Bleeker, Act. Soc. Sci. Ind. Neerland. (Visch. 

 Amboina), vol. 2, 1857, p. 34. Amboina. — Gunther, Cat. Fish. Brit. 

 Mus., vol. 1, 1859, p. 502 (copied). — Ogilby, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 

 1889, p. 153 (Great Barrier Reef). — Boulenger, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., 

 vol. 1, 1895, p. 331 (compiled). — Fowler, Mem. Bishop Mus., vol. 10, 

 1928, p. 186 (compiled). 



