AQUATIC INSECTS IX NEW YORK STATE 289' 



Rupertsberger, Mathias. Biologie der Kiifer Europas. Eiue Ueber- 

 siclit der biologisclien Literatur gegeben in einem alpliabetischeu Person- 

 cu- uiid systematischeu Sach-Register nebst einem Larven-Cataloge. Liuz 

 a. d. Douan. 1S80. O. 295p. 



Die biologische Literatur liber die Kiifer Europas v< a 



18S0 au. Mit Nachtriigen aus friiherer Zeit uud einem Earven-Cataloge. 

 Linz a. d. Donau und Niederrana. 1894. O. 310p. 



The two papers given above inchide the references to the literature on 

 the transformations of European Coleoptera. They are useful to the 

 American student for the references to the species common to Europe and 

 Noi-th America that they contain. The larger families of Coleoptera are 

 found in both countries, and, by looking up these references, it is possible 

 to determine the type of larvae to be expected in the American fauna in 

 those families where they are unknown. 



Schiodte, J. C. De Metamorphosi Eleutheratorum observationes: Bidrag 

 til iusekternes udeldviklingshistoire. Kjobenhaven. 1861-83. 2v. 0. 86pl. 



Each volume is made up of a number of separate parts which were 

 originally published separately in the Sacrtryk af Xatioitistorisk Tidsskrift. 

 Though this work deals entirely with European insects, yet the families 

 and genera in most cases are found in this country. The text is written 

 in Latin, the descriptions are very full and suggestive. The figures are 

 excellent; they are printed from copper plates and show the entire form 

 of the larva and pupa, together with many useful structural details. 



Perris, Edouard. Larves de Coleopteres. Paris 1887. gr. O. o90p. 

 14pl. with 579flg. 



This work consists mainlj- of descriptions of larvae and pupae, and the 

 figures deal almost entirely with structural details. 



Ill hope of interesting and aiding others in the study of the 

 transformations of the Coleoptera, the following- table has been 

 prepared. It is based in great part on the facts contained in 

 the papers mentioned above and deals only with the more 

 "important families. No one can be more conscious of its imper- 

 fections than the writer; but a poor tool is better than no tool. 



KEY TO FAMILIES OF COLEOPTEROUS LARVAE^ 



a Tarsi with two claws 



b Mandibles of the usual type, with teeth at the base or at middle 

 c Abdomen not provided with long, slender lateral filaments 

 d Cerci present, in some cases small; ocelli six 



e Abdomen and legs ambulatory; abdomen with eight pairs of 



spiracles C a r a b i d a e 



ee Abdomen and legs natatory; abdomen with seven pairs of 



spiracles Amphizoidae 



(Id Cerci wanting; ocelli four; with hooks on the dorsum 



C i c i n d e 1 i d a e 



CO Abdomen provided with long, slender lateral filaments which serve 



as tracheal gills G y r i n i d a e 



iln the following table the term setae is applied only to those small 

 hairs that arise from a single hypodermal cell like those of the Dermes- 

 Tidae, Cerambycidae. and Buprestidae: and the term spine is restricted to 

 the strongly chitinized hairs that are developed as projections of the body 

 wall, Uke those of the Coccinellidae and the Cassidinae of the Ohrysomel- 

 idae. 



