114 BULLETIN 180, UNITED STATES NATIONAL IVIUSEUM 



membranes joined to each other forward over isthmus to form a 

 free fold across isthmus; first nostril tubular, second nostril a pore 

 immediately in front of anterior margin of eye; no large pore next 

 to eye in interorbital space. 



Color in alcohol: Brownish with scattered darker spots on body, 

 opercle without a blackish blotch; basal halves of caudal, dorsal, and 

 anal fins brownish, the outer one-third to one-half paler; anterior 

 margin of orbit blackish ; chin darker brown than head ; the part of 

 the isthmus covered by membranes white. 



Named hlUneans in reference to the two lateral lines. 



Genus PSEUDOGRAMMA Bleeker 



Psendofframma Bleekei!, Veili. Akad. Wet. Amsterdam, vol. 15, p. 24, 1875. [Type 

 Pseudogramma polyacanfhus Bleeker {^^Pseudochromis polyacanthus 

 Bleeker).] 



PSEUDOGRAMMA POLYACANTHUS (Bleeker) 



Pseudochromis polyacantlms Bleeker, Nat. Tijdschr. Ned. Ind., vol. 10, p. 375 



[reprint, p. 19], 1856. 

 Pseudogramma polt/acantJnis [in part] Bleeker, Atlas ichthyologique des Indes 



Orientales Neerlandaises . . ., vol. 9, pi. 389, fig. 3, 1877. — GtJNTHER, Journ. 



Mus. Godeffroy, vol. 11, p. 159, pi. 98, fig. A., 1876. 

 Gnatliypops samocnsis Fowler and Silvester, Carnegie Inst. Washington Pnbl. 



No. 312, p. 118, fig. 1, 1922 (type locality: Ana Village, Samoa). Types 



examined by me at the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia through 



the courtesy of H. W. Fowler. 



Bleeker's original description of P. folymanthus mentions but a 

 single lateral line, and he gives the soft dorsal rays as 19 to 20 and 

 the anal soft rays 16 or 17, a count that corresponds with three speci- 

 mens from the Samoan Islands collected by me and several others 

 from the Philippines. However, in Bleeker's later revision of the 

 family Pseudochromidae in 1875, he describes Pseudogramma foly- 

 acajiitlius (Bleeker) as having a second lateral line on the caudal 

 peduncle and shows one in his plate 3, figure 2, but again gives the 

 dorsal and anal counts as in 1856. 



It seems probable that the first description of Bleeker's was based 

 on a specimen with but a single lateral line and that the later descrip- 

 tion in 1875 was revised to include the species I have described. The 

 material from the Samoan and Philippine Islands indicates con- 

 clusively that the lateral line on the caudal region is lacking on 

 specimens with 19 to 21 dorsal soft raj^s and 16 to 18 anal soft rays; 

 this same species also has a blackish opercular blotch and a reticulated 

 color pattern as shown by Giinther's pi. 98, fig. A, 1876, Bleeker's 

 pi. 3, fig. 2, 1875, and Bleeker's Atlas pi. 389, fig. 3, 1878. Giinther's 

 figure and Fowler's figure of G. samoensls both lack the lateral line 

 and have the longer pectoral fin, but Bleeker's two figures combine 

 the characters of P. polyacanthus and my new species. Thus Bleeker's 



