146 BULLETIN 180, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM 



in midline, and area l)et\veen them pale, ending on 

 branchiostegals ; pectoral pale ; margin of anal with a 

 wide white band, although very outer edge has a dark 

 line, then a submarginal black line, then a diffuse one 

 proximally, basal region of anal white ; very edge of 

 soft dorsal with a black line, below which is a wide 

 white band, then a submarginal black line, followed 

 proximally by a diffuse darkish line, basal two-thirds 

 of soft and spiny dorsal fin blackish ; dorsal rays XIV, 

 22 or 23; anal rays III, 17 or 18; scale rows about 38 



to 42 Chaetodon quadrimaculatus Gray 



22&. Color pattern on body consisting of several dark lines 

 or narrow bands or rows of spots. 

 23a. Color pattern consisting of about 12 to 14 rows of tiny 

 spots extending horizontally on body, and one row on 

 lower part of caudal peduncle ; top of caudal peduncle 

 with a blackish spot ; from nape a black band passes 

 through eye, wider than eye below eye and broadest 

 on lower part of cheek, reaching to branchiostegals 

 but not to isthmus ; pectoral pale ; caudal fin pale, 

 basal portion darker ; margin of anal white, then a 

 narrow submarginal line, base with a black line 

 anteriorly, widening into a wide patch on basal half 

 of last rays; margin of soft dorsal white with a 

 black line below it, middle of fin with a wide black 

 band ; basal third of fin same as color of body ; pro- 

 longed soft ray darkish ; wide black band on soft 

 dorsal continues forward along basal two-thirds of 

 spiny dorsal; dorsal rays XIV, 21 to 25; anal III, 

 20 to 22 ; scales about 33 or 84 



Chaetodon semeion Bleeker 

 23&. Color pattern consisting of blue or dark spots on center 

 of scales arranged in 10 or 11 distinct vertical or 

 slightly inclined series present only on anterior half 

 of body and restricted to its upper part above a 

 horizontal line through pectoral ; besides these dis- 

 tinct rows of spots there are diffuse rows arranged 

 more or less horizontally ; caudal peduncle with a 

 black band ; a black band from nape and supraorbital 

 region through eye, widest above eye, below eye 

 much narrower and ending still narrower above 

 isthmus on branchiostegals; pectoral pale; anal and 

 soft dorsal posteriorly with very edge white, below 

 this a narrow dark line with a whitish bar adjoining 

 siibmarginally ; dorsal rays XIII, 22 or 23; anal III, 

 18 to 20 ; scales 40 to 44. 



Chaetodon niiliaris Quoy and Gaimard 

 18&. Caudal peduncle pale, without large black spots or bands. 

 24a. Dorsal posterior part of body, including central and basal 

 portion of soft dorsal, occupied with a large subovate 

 black patch, bordered ventrally with a broad white band ; 

 below this pale, with six or seven diffuse purple or violet 

 longitudinal stripes fading dorsally ; usual band through 

 eye almost entirely lacking below eye and above it, wedge- 



