FISHES OF THE PHOENIX AND SAMOAN ISLANDS 171 



and 8. unameiisis then I refer S. scaUr to the synonymy of S 

 miamemis ) — ScoiTaenodes guamensis (Quoy and Gaunard) 

 6b Dorsal spines short, about equal to diameter of eye; scales of body 

 extending about halfway up on soft rays of dorsal fin, and more 

 than one-fourth the way out on anal ; body everywhere covered with 

 strongly ctenoid scales or prickles, the latter on su<.ut, eyes, and 

 lower jaw, the lips smooth; dorsal rays XIII, D ; anal III 5; 

 scales 49; pectoral with 17 rays the lower 11 simple; gill rakers 

 64-1+7 • coronal ridge prominent ending in a spine opposite supra- 

 orbital ; 'suborbital with seven or eight spines; other pairs of cranial 

 spines present are-nasal, preocular, supraocular, postocular, tym- 

 panic two or three sphenotics, pterotic, one posttemporal, four pre- 

 operculars, parietal, nuchal, one humeral; preorbitals weak, with 

 about one spine, the other projections rounded and blunt; color _m 

 alcohol, an obscure blackish spot below bases of second and third 

 dorsal spines, a larger but less distinct blotch below fifth to seventh 

 dorsal spines, then from base of eighth dorsal spine to base of next 

 to last soft rav of dorsal a wide black band extending to ventral 

 surface of body including base of anal fin, pale band across caudal 

 peduncle followed by a narrow blackish band at base of rays of 

 dorsal fin ; lower lip with three black spots, upper lip with four or 

 five black spots; sides of head witli a lew black spots; a black bar 

 across middle of rays of pectoral fin; breast with a few blackish 

 spots, a blackish spot above spine of cleithrum; two pale bands, 

 separated by a narrow blackish one, below front of eye; scales 



pQ^Jj(.gjl Scorpaenodes parvipinnis (Garrett) 



5b. Dorsal spines"xil ; two posttemporal spines on each side of head ; preorbi- 

 tal with three to eight rather strong spines. 

 7a. Palatine teeth absent. 



8fl \ pit below eve; humeral spine with two spines extending outward 

 along its length ; 5 to 14 spines on suborbital ; two small postorbital 

 spines ; other pairs of cranial spines present are-nasal, preocular, 

 supraocular, postocular, tympanic absent, two sphenotics, pterotic, 

 two posttemporal, postf rontal ; four or five preoperculars, parietal, 

 nuchal three humerals ; coronal ridge strong ; preorbital with four 

 -roups' of one or two spines each; scales about 40; gill rakers 

 about 5+1+8; pectoral of about 17 rays, 11 lower ones simple. 



Scoi-paenopsis gibbosus (Bloch) 



8b. No pit below eye; humeral spine without other spiny projections 



along its length. . , . 



oa Postfrontal spine present; scale rows about 48; cranial spines 



forming tvmpanic, postocular, postfrontal more or less fused 



into a group of four or five spines; about four or five strong 



spines on suborbital ; interorbital naked ; numerous cirri of lower 



jaw, preorbital, maxillary, preoporcle, and along lateral line; 



color brownish with blotches of paler on body and fins. 



Scorpaenopsis novae-guinae (Cuvier) 

 9b Postfrontal spine absent ; palatine teeth present. 



10« Scales 48 to 52; two to four weak sphenotic spines; three 

 suborbital spines; color brownish with rounded areas of pale 

 or white anteriorly and dorsally, brown posteriorly forming 

 two irivgular bars, one on caudal peduncle and forward one 

 extending from soft dor.sal through middle of anal fin; 

 another color phase is finely speckled with brown, and axd of 



