FISHES OF THE PHOENIX AND SAMOAN ISLANDS 223 



upper jaw with an outer row of canine teeth and a narrow inner 

 band of villiform teeth ; lower jaw with an inner and an outer row 

 of canine teeth separated by a narrow band of villiform teeth ; 

 near symphysis inner row of canines on lower jaw enlarged about 

 25 rows of scales along sides, eight or nine in a transverse series from 

 origin of soft dorsal to anal; dorsal rays VI-I, 9; rarely I, 10; 

 anal usually I, 9 ; pectoral 21 ; caudal fin round ; tip of tongue round ; 

 snout about 1.2 in maxillaries ; depth 3 ; head 2.9 ; mouth very oblique, 

 the tip of lower jaw on lower level of eye when closed. 



Paragobiodon echinocephalus (Riippell) 

 5b. No cirri or hairlike dermal projections on head, and not otherwise as 

 in 5a'. 

 6a. Gill membranes continued far forward and narrowly attached to 

 isthmus with or without a free fold across it. 

 7a. Gill membranes with a free fold across isthmus ; a circular projec- 

 tion extends from upper iris over pupil a short distance; scale 

 rows 30 to 32 ; 15 or 16 scales in front of dorsal fin, 8 in a trans- 

 verse row from origin of soft dorsal to anal fin ; cheeks and 

 opercle naked ; breast scaly ; snout about 1.8 in maxillaries ; 

 tongue acutely bilobed ; upper pectoral rays not silky ; lower jaw 

 much projecting, somewhat pointed ; caudal round ; dorsal rays 

 VI— I, 9; anal I, 7 or I, 8 ; pectoral 16 or 17. 



Glossogobius biocellatus (Valenciennes) 

 7b. Gill membranes without free fold across isthmus ; no projection 

 of iris over pupil ; scales about 41 to 45 ; 11 or 12 in a trans- 

 verse series; tongue trilobed, the middle of the tongue with a 

 short point ; cheeks, opercle and breast naked ; lower jaw longer 

 than upper ; caudal rounded ; pectoral rays 14 ; dorsal rays VI — 

 I, 8 ; anal I, 8 instead of 7 as reported by Jordan and Seale ; 

 no teeth on vomer (teeth reported by Jordan and Seale). 



Chaenogobius erythrops Jordan and Seale 

 6&. Gill membranes broadly to somewhat narrowly attached to isthmus 

 but not carried far forward and no free fold across isthmus. 

 8o. A V-shaped notch at tip of lower jaw in thickened and hardened 

 labial fold just within dermal part of lower lip ; upper jaw with 

 a similar labial fold, containing more conspicuous setiform teeth 

 than lower labial fold ; anteriorly basal membrane and front base 

 of pelvic fins with a shallow cavity or pit ; lower jaw inside labial 

 fold with or without caninelike teetli ; upper lip usually with 

 a shallow notch and in some species a lateral notch in upper lip ; 

 tongue acutely rounded ; lower jaw included ; disk of pelvic fins 

 cup-shaped ; gill openings somewhat restricted to in front of 

 pectorial fin base, opening extending only a little below lowest 

 ray; upper pectoral rays not divided and "silky" (Sicyidinae). 

 9a. Scale rows number about 54 or 55 from upper edge of gill open- 

 ing to base of caudal fin ; labial teeth of upper jaw with tri- 

 cu.spid tips, inner cusp a little shorter and narrower than 

 outer cusps ; cheeks, opercle, and breast naked ; upper lip with 

 three notches, one in midline and one in middle of each side; 

 behind each notch a small papilla, then a row of papillae 

 around inside of upper lip next to labial teeth; two or three 

 pairs of canines in lower jaw, pair next to symphysis strongest ; 

 edge of groove around snout blackish ; a black bar under eye 

 to mouth ; dorsal edges of caudal fin pale, then submarginally 



