CATALOGUE OF GEMS AND PRECIOUS STONES. 109 



were over an inch in diameter, transparent ruby red within, sur- 

 rounded by green, or red at one extremity and green at the other. 

 One blue crystal found was 9 inches long. The locality affords all of 

 the colored varieties, achroite, indicolite, and rubellite. Red and 

 green tourmalines are found at Chesterfield, Massachusetts, in a 

 granite vein with albite, uraninite, and pyrochlorc, the crystals small 

 and curved, nearly opaque, and fragile; green crystals, often with 

 distinct prisms of red color inside, are found at this locality. At 

 Goshen, Massachusetts, similar varieties occur, and the blue is met 

 with in great perfection. At Haddam, Connecticut, in crystals in 

 mica-slate with anthophyllite, also in granite with iolite, and also at 

 the gneiss quarries, on the east side of the river. At Haddam Neck, 

 in fine green, and parti-colored crystals affording magnificent gems. 

 Near Gouverneur, New York, light and dark brown crystals, often 

 highly modified. Good crystals are found in Chester County, Penn- 

 sylvania. 



The most noted American locality for the pink and variegated tour- 

 maline is the Mesa Grande region in San Diego County, southern 

 California. The mineral occurs here also in pegmatitic rocks asso- 

 ciated with the variety of spodumene commercially known as kunzite, 

 and occasional gem minerals of other varieties. A very complete and 

 systematic series of these pegmatites from both the Appalachian 

 regions and California, with their associated minerals, is to be found 

 among the rock collections in the geological hall on the first floor of 

 the Museum. (See also pp. 136-139.) 



In Canada magnificent green-yellow crystals occur in the limestone 

 at Great Calumet Island; amber-colored ones at Fitzroy, Ontario; 

 transparent brown at Hunterstown, Quebec; black at Bathurst and 

 Elmsley, Ontario, and St. Jerome, Quebec. Small brilliant crystals 

 of the black variety are found in decomposed feldspar, at Andreas- 

 berg in the Hartz. Rubellite and green tourmaline occur near 

 Ekaterinburg in Russia. The Island of Elba yields pink, red, white, 

 green, black, and parti-colored crystals. Brazil affords a large pro- 

 portion of the specimens used for gems, and has been one of the great 

 sources of supply for more than 200 years. Ceylon, India, and 

 Burma produce good gem material, the latter locality affording some 

 magnificent rubellites, rivaling the ruby in color. 



LIST OP SPECIMENS. 

 BRAZIL. 



Cabochon, triangular girdle; red and green; 59.99 carats; 28 by 10 mm No. 225 



Step-brilliant, elliptical girdle; blue-green; 36.78 carats; 24 by 21 by 12 



mm No. 1 118 



Brilliant, rectangular girdle; green-yellow; 9.19 carats; 15 by 13 by 8 mm. . No. 1114 

 Step, rectangular girdle; deep green; 8.59 carats; 14.5 by 13 by 6 mm No. 1115 



