182 BULLETIN 118, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 



Bonamite=translucent apple-green smithsonite from New Mexico. 



Bone turquoise = teeth of fossil animals (mammoths, mastodons, etc.) stained blue by 

 iron phosphate. 



Bottle stone =moldavite. 



Bowenite=unusually translucent serpentine of a cream color. 



Brazilian aquamarine =greenish topaz. 



Brazilian diamond = diamond from Brazil; also clear quartz from Brazil. 



Brazilian emerald=green tourmaline. 



Brazilian pebble=rock crystal (quartz). 



Brazilian peridot= yellow-green tourmaline. 



Brazilian ruby=rose-red or pink topaz, both naturally and artificially colored. Most 

 of the pink or reddish topazes have been artificially colored by heating the dark- 

 yellow ones. 



Brazilian sapphire=light-blue or greenish topaz; also blue tourmaline. 



Brazilian topaz =golden to reddish-yellow topaz; also smoky quartz artificially 

 changed to yellow by heat. 



Briancon diamond = quartz crystal from southeastern France, cut in Briancon. 



Brighton emerald =green bottle glass purposely thrown on beach at Brighton, England. 



Brilliant=diamond. 



Bristol diamond = quartz crystal from Cornwall, England. 



Bronzite= magnesium and iron silicate; variety of enstatite. 



Brookite=hair-brown, yellowish, reddish, or ruby-red, transparent to translucent 

 titanium oxide, in orthorhombic crystals. 



Brown coal=brown or brownish-black coal, often retaining the original wood texture. 



Brown jacinth=vesuvianite. 



Brown spar=ankerite from Chester County, Pennsylvania. 



Bull's-eye=labradorite with a dusky sheen. 



Burma ruby=blood-red ruby (corundum). 



Burmite=amber from Burma. 



Burnt amethyst=purple amethyst changed to brownish-yellow by heat. 



Burnt Brazilian topaz=burnt topaz. 



Burnt topaz = yellow topaz from Brazil which has been changed to pink by heat. 



Byssolite=fine greenish hair-like asbestos or actinolite, inclosed in quartz. 



By-water = yellow-tinted diamond. 



C. 



Cabochon=any gem cut round, without facets. 



Cacholong=opaque, procelain-like, milky-white opal. 



Cacholong opal=feebly translucent common opal. 



Caesium beryl=beryl containing several per cent of caesium, one of the rarer alkalies. 



The beryl is generally colorless or pink. 

 Cairngorm=yellow to smoky-brown, gray, or black quartz. 

 Calamine=zinc hydrous silicate. In England calamine is called smithsonite. 

 Calcite= calcium carbonate in rhombohedral (hexagonal) crystals. 

 Calcomalachite== mixture of calcium carbonate and malachite, from Arizona. 

 California cat's-eye=compact serpentine, sufficiently fibrous to show a silky luster 



and to yield a cat's-eye effect when cut cabochon, from Tulare County, California. 

 California iris=kunzite (spodumene). 

 California jade=californite (vesuvianite). 

 California moonstone = white or gray chalcedony. 

 California onyx = dark-brown aragonite. 

 California ruby=garnet. 

 California tiger-eye = California cat's-eye. 

 Californite=compact, translucent, green vesuvianite. 



