196 BULLETIN 118, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM 



Scoopstone=amber collected from seaweed. 



Scotch topaz = smoky quartz. 



Seastone=amber cast upon shore by sea. 



Selenite=colorless, transparent gypsum. 



Semicarnelian=yello\v agate. 



Semiopal= colorless to strongly colored somewhat opaque, common opal. 



Seniiturquoise=soft pale-blue turquoise. 



Sepiolite= magnesium hydrous silicate. 



Serpentine=magnesium hydrous silicate. 



Serpentine cat's-eye=serpentine showing when cut a changeable luster or opalescence 



without play of colors. 

 Siam= dark-red ruby. 



Siam ruby=dark-red ruby from Siam; also red spinel. 

 Siberian amethyst=rich or dark-colored amethyst. 

 Siberian aquamarine=very light greenish-blue beryl. 

 Siberian chrysolite =demantoid (garnet). 

 Siberian ruby=red tourmaline. 



Siberian topaz=very pale blue or bluish- white topaz. 

 Siberite= violet-red tourmaline. 



Siderite=sapphirine (blue quartz). Mineralogically, an iron carbonate. 

 Siliceous malachite=green chrysocolla. 

 Silicified wood = wood replaced by silica. 

 Sinople=quartz having red hematite inclusions. 

 Slave's diamond = colorless topaz. 

 Smaragdite= green variety of amphibole, like actinolite; also applied to other green 



stones, as the emerald, fuchsite, etc. 

 Smaragdus=smaragdite. 



Smithsonite=zinc carbonate. In England this zinc carbonate is called calamine. 

 Smoky quartz = quartz crystals of a smoky or brown color. 



Smoky topaz=true topaz of a smoky color; also more commonly smoky quartz. 

 Sobrisky opal = opal from the Lead Pipe Spring district in the Death Valley region, 



California. 

 Sodalite=aluminum and sodium silicate, with chlorine, generally blue. 

 Soldier's stone=amethyst. 



Spanish emerald = emerald of the finest quality (presumably from South America). 

 Spanish lazulite=cordierite. 



Spanish topaz=smoky quartz changed to yellow by heat. 

 Specular iron ore = hematite. 



Spessartite=yellow, brown, or red garnet, aluminum and manganese silicate. 

 Sphaerulite= variety of obsidian. 

 Sphalerite = zinc sulphide. 

 Sphene=titanite. 

 Spinel=group of minerals composed of aluminum, iron, chromium, magnesium, or 



zinc oxides. The name spinel is also applied to the species of this group which 



consists chiefly of aluminum and magnesium oxides. 

 Spinel ruby=red spinel. 

 Spinel sapphire = blue spinel. 

 Spodumene=aluminum and lithium silicate. 



St. Stephen stone = translucent chalcedony with round blood-red spots through it. 

 Stalactite=calcium carbonate in pendent masses deposited in caverns by evaporating 



water. 

 Stalagmite=calcium carbonate deposited from evaporating water on the floors of 



